A 3 phase induction motor has two types based on the rotor construction, named as: Squirrel Cage Induction Motor and Wound Rotor Induction Motor. Former is cheaper and broadly used as it requires less maintenance than later one. Firstly, I am going to tell you about the structure of squirrel cage induction motor. Afterwards I will cover the working principle and features of Squirrel Cage Induction Motor. In the last sections, I will share some advantages and uses. In simple words, the type of 3 phase induction motor which uses a squirrel cage rotor is called squirrel cage induction motor.
All induction motors have a rotor and a stator. Basically, it is the construction of rotor which makes Squirrel Cage Induction Motor different from Wound Type Induction Motor. Stator is same in both types of motors. Let’s first talk about stator of Squirrel Cage Induction Motor:
In this section, I will share the working of a squirrel cage induction motor with you guys.
Now I am mentioning some important features of a squirrel cage induction motor. I will talk about speed, starting current, direction of rotation, slip and power factor. First on the list is speed.
A squirrel cage induction motor generally operates at a constant speed. This speed is synchronous speed.
Such motors require high starting currents. Which may result in fluctuations in voltage.
The direction of rotation of these motors can be reversed if you interchange two power lines out of three.
As for other induction motors, the slip is defined as the difference in speed of rotating magnetic field of stator and rotating speed of rotor. The speed of rotation of magnetic field is called synchronous speed. Slip is expressed as a ratio with synchronous speed or in percentage.
Power factor is the ratio of actual power to apparent power. It is expressed in percentage. The power factor is low when motor is running at no load and it is high when motor is operating at full load.
In this part, I will tell you guys some of the advantages of squirrel cage induction motor.
Now I am moving towards the last segment of my article, where I will tell you some of the uses of squirrel cage induction motors.
This type of motor finds its uses in industries because of their cost. They are extensively used in industrial applications instead of wound type induction motor. They are used in applications where low starting torque is needed. Such motors may also be used as generators.
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