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Dual operational amplifier

LM358 Working Principle

Learn how LM358 works with an illustrated explanation and practical readings.

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LM358 at a glance

Follow the labeled connections and functional stages

LM358 working principle: illustrated functional stages, basic circuit and connections
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How it works

3 stages · Explore one step at a time

Step 1 / 3

Compare the inputs

The amplifier responds to the difference between its + and − inputs. A small difference can produce a large output change without feedback.

Step 2 / 3

Close the feedback loop

Rf returns part of OUT1 to IN1−. Rg connects that node to ground. In the linear region, the circuit settles with approximately equal input voltages.

Step 3 / 3

Read the result

With Rf = 20 kΩ and Rg = 10 kΩ, the ideal gain is 3. An input of 0.50 V requests 1.50 V at the output. Raising the input eventually runs into the output headroom.

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