LM324 Reference Tables, Pins & Specifications

Pin reference

Signal names, electrical functions and connection guidance

PDIP-14

Physical pin numbers14 pins

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LM324 pin functions and connections
Signal	Type	Function & connection
OUTA	Analog output	Amplifier A output. Connection guidance Connect the 30 kΩ feedback resistor and high-impedance output meter. Output is not rail-to-rail; load and temperature affect the swing.
INA−	Inverting input	Negative feedback input of amplifier A. Connection guidance Connect the 30 kΩ / 10 kΩ feedback junction.
INA+	Non-inverting input	Positive signal input of amplifier A. Connection guidance Connect to VIN in the example. Keep the input within the recommended common-mode range.
VCC+	Positive supply	Positive supply shared by all four amplifiers. Connection guidance Apply +5 V; bypass locally to pin 11 with 100 nF.
INB+	Non-inverting input	Positive signal input of amplifier B. Connection guidance Connect to VIN in the example. Keep the input within the recommended common-mode range.
INB−	Inverting input	Negative feedback input of amplifier B. Connection guidance Connect directly to OUTB for a unity-gain follower.
OUTB	Analog output	Amplifier B output. Connection guidance Join to INB−; leave the follower output otherwise unloaded. Output is not rail-to-rail; load and temperature affect the swing.
OUTC	Analog output	Amplifier C output. Connection guidance Join to INC−; leave the follower output otherwise unloaded. Output is not rail-to-rail; load and temperature affect the swing.
INC−	Inverting input	Negative feedback input of amplifier C. Connection guidance Connect directly to OUTC for a unity-gain follower.
INC+	Non-inverting input	Positive signal input of amplifier C. Connection guidance Connect to VIN in the example. Keep the input within the recommended common-mode range.
VCC−	Negative supply / return	Negative supply shared by all four amplifiers. Connection guidance Connect to GND for the illustrated single-supply circuit. With split supplies this is the negative rail, not the midpoint.
IND+	Non-inverting input	Positive signal input of amplifier D. Connection guidance Connect to VIN in the example. Keep the input within the recommended common-mode range.
IND−	Inverting input	Negative feedback input of amplifier D. Connection guidance Connect directly to OUTD for a unity-gain follower.
OUTD	Analog output	Amplifier D output. Connection guidance Join to IND−; leave the follower output otherwise unloaded. Output is not rail-to-rail; load and temperature affect the swing.

Operating conditions

Classic LM324N / LM324D

Manufacturer-referenced values5 parameters

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Parameter	Value	Conditions / notes
Supply span	3–30 V	VCC+ minus VCC−
Ambient temperature	0 to +70°C	LM324 grade
Input common-mode range	0 to VCC − 2 V	Full temperature; single-supply reference
Input range at 25°C	0 to VCC − 1.5 V	Specified common-mode range
Unity-gain operation	Stable follower configuration	Use sensible load capacitance and layout

Specifications here refer to the classic LM324, not the newer B version.

Electrical characteristics

5 V unless stated

Manufacturer-referenced values7 parameters

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Parameter	Value	Conditions / notes
Input offset voltage	3 mV typical; 7 mV maximum	25°C; VCC = 5–30 V
Offset over temperature	9 mV maximum	0–70°C
Input bias current	20 nA typical; 250 nA maximum	Magnitude at 25°C
Open-loop voltage gain	100 V/mV typical; 25 minimum	15 V supply; VO = 1–11 V; RL ≥ 2 kΩ; 25°C
Total supply current	0.7 mA typical; 1.2 mA maximum	Four amplifiers; 5 V; unloaded; VO = 2.5 V
Output LOW	5 mV typical; 20 mV maximum	Specified RL ≤ 10 kΩ test
Output HIGH	Approximately VCC − 1.5 V	Typical at 25°C; RL = 2 kΩ

Output swing depends on the load and operating point; it is not a rail-to-rail specification.

Dynamic characteristics

Specified ±15 V tests · 25°C

Manufacturer-referenced values5 parameters

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Parameter	Value	Conditions / notes
Unity-gain bandwidth	1.2 MHz typical	RL = 1 MΩ; CL = 20 pF
Unity-gain slew rate	0.5 V/µs typical	RL = 1 MΩ; CL = 30 pF; VI = ±10 V
Input noise voltage	35 nV/√Hz typical	RS = 100 Ω; VI = 0 V; f = 1 kHz
Closed-loop bandwidth	Decreases as gain increases	First-order estimate: bandwidth ≈ GBW / gain
Large-signal sine wave	Slew rate can dominate	Required SR = 2π × frequency × peak amplitude

These typical tests do not guarantee the same bandwidth at every supply, gain or load.

Non-inverting amplifier

Gain four at a 5 V supply

Manufacturer-referenced values7 parameters

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Parameter	Value	Conditions / notes
Input voltage	0.40 V	To IN A+ pin 3
Feedback resistor	30 kΩ	OUT A pin 1 to IN A− pin 2
Ground resistor	10 kΩ	IN A− pin 2 to GND
Ideal gain	4 V/V	1 + 30 / 10
Ideal output	1.60 V	0.40 × 4
Other channels	Unity-gain followers at VIN	B: 7→6; C: 8→9; D: 14→13
Bypass capacitor	100 nF	Between pins 4 and 11

Follower inputs: B pin 5, C pin 10 and D pin 12. Outputs otherwise unloaded.

Package and connection reference

LM324N · PDIP-14

Manufacturer-referenced values6 parameters

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Parameter	Value	Conditions / notes
Lead pitch	2.54 mm	Through-hole; top view
Channel A	IN+ 3; IN− 2; OUT 1	First amplifier
Channel B	IN+ 5; IN− 6; OUT 7	Second amplifier
Channel C	IN+ 10; IN− 9; OUT 8	Third amplifier
Channel D	IN+ 12; IN− 13; OUT 14	Fourth amplifier
Shared rails	VCC+ 4; VCC− 11	Do not copy LM358 power-pin numbers

Verify the exact package and pin-one mark before board manufacture.