BETARecommended supply3–30 V · classic LM324
Quad operational amplifier
LM324 Specifications
Review LM324 electrical specifications, operating conditions and package details.
Package view
Key specifications
Use the four amplifiers independently while keeping every input and feedback path defined.
Independent amplifiers4 Shared supply pins
Ambient range0–70 °C
Typical unity-gain bandwidth1.2 MHz · specified test conditions
Package details
LM324N · PDIP-14
| Property | Details |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer | Texas Instruments |
| Part number | LM324N |
| Package | PDIP-14 |
| Connections | 14 pins |
| Mounting | Through-hole |
| Lead pitch | 2.54 mm |
| Package code | dip |
| Thermal reference | Board and package dependent; see manufacturer data |
Operating conditions
Classic LM324N / LM324D
Manufacturer specifications 5 parameters
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| Parameter | Value | Conditions / notes |
|---|---|---|
| Supply span | 3–30 V | VCC+ minus VCC− |
| Ambient temperature | 0 to +70°C | LM324 grade |
| Input common-mode range | 0 to VCC − 2 V | Full temperature; single-supply reference |
| Input range at 25°C | 0 to VCC − 1.5 V | Specified common-mode range |
| Unity-gain operation | Stable follower configuration | Use sensible load capacitance and layout |
No specifications match. Try a parameter name or a unit.
Specifications here refer to the classic LM324, not the newer B version.
Electrical characteristics
5 V unless stated
Manufacturer specifications 7 parameters
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| Parameter | Value | Conditions / notes |
|---|---|---|
| Input offset voltage | 3 mV typical; 7 mV maximum | 25°C; VCC = 5–30 V |
| Offset over temperature | 9 mV maximum | 0–70°C |
| Input bias current | 20 nA typical; 250 nA maximum | Magnitude at 25°C |
| Open-loop voltage gain | 100 V/mV typical; 25 minimum | 15 V supply; VO = 1–11 V; RL ≥ 2 kΩ; 25°C |
| Total supply current | 0.7 mA typical; 1.2 mA maximum | Four amplifiers; 5 V; unloaded; VO = 2.5 V |
| Output LOW | 5 mV typical; 20 mV maximum | Specified RL ≤ 10 kΩ test |
| Output HIGH | Approximately VCC − 1.5 V | Typical at 25°C; RL = 2 kΩ |
No specifications match. Try a parameter name or a unit.
Output swing depends on the load and operating point; it is not a rail-to-rail specification.
Dynamic characteristics
Specified ±15 V tests · 25°C
Manufacturer specifications 5 parameters
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| Parameter | Value | Conditions / notes |
|---|---|---|
| Unity-gain bandwidth | 1.2 MHz typical | RL = 1 MΩ; CL = 20 pF |
| Unity-gain slew rate | 0.5 V/µs typical | RL = 1 MΩ; CL = 30 pF; VI = ±10 V |
| Input noise voltage | 35 nV/√Hz typical | RS = 100 Ω; VI = 0 V; f = 1 kHz |
| Closed-loop bandwidth | Decreases as gain increases | First-order estimate: bandwidth ≈ GBW / gain |
| Large-signal sine wave | Slew rate can dominate | Required SR = 2π × frequency × peak amplitude |
No specifications match. Try a parameter name or a unit.
These typical tests do not guarantee the same bandwidth at every supply, gain or load.
Non-inverting amplifier
Gain four at a 5 V supply
Manufacturer specifications 7 parameters
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| Parameter | Value | Conditions / notes |
|---|---|---|
| Input voltage | 0.40 V | To IN A+ pin 3 |
| Feedback resistor | 30 kΩ | OUT A pin 1 to IN A− pin 2 |
| Ground resistor | 10 kΩ | IN A− pin 2 to GND |
| Ideal gain | 4 V/V | 1 + 30 / 10 |
| Ideal output | 1.60 V | 0.40 × 4 |
| Other channels | Unity-gain followers at VIN | B: 7→6; C: 8→9; D: 14→13 |
| Bypass capacitor | 100 nF | Between pins 4 and 11 |
No specifications match. Try a parameter name or a unit.
Follower inputs: B pin 5, C pin 10 and D pin 12. Outputs otherwise unloaded.
Package and connection reference
LM324N · PDIP-14
Manufacturer specifications 6 parameters
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| Parameter | Value | Conditions / notes |
|---|---|---|
| Lead pitch | 2.54 mm | Through-hole; top view |
| Channel A | IN+ 3; IN− 2; OUT 1 | First amplifier |
| Channel B | IN+ 5; IN− 6; OUT 7 | Second amplifier |
| Channel C | IN+ 10; IN− 9; OUT 8 | Third amplifier |
| Channel D | IN+ 12; IN− 13; OUT 14 | Fourth amplifier |
| Shared rails | VCC+ 4; VCC− 11 | Do not copy LM358 power-pin numbers |
No specifications match. Try a parameter name or a unit.
Verify the exact package and pin-one mark before board manufacture.
Connections by function
Select a pin for its function, connection guidance and electrical notes.