The Engineering Projects

Robotic Tailoring is The Future of Fashion (sewing machine)

Technology has advanced a lot in the last century with robots doing almost everything, from cooking to even sewing. They are able to sew materials, even if it seems like a complicated process, making them now an important part in the fashion, as we know it. Automation came for every industry, and fashion is not going to be left out; it is changing the minds of everyone involved from manufacturers, retailers, to stylists and designers. The robots are already here and various brands are using them in their process of creating trendy clothes, making every aspect of the industry automated or improved by tech. For years, we have been helped by robots that are able to cut through anything, but when it comes to sewing, as it required in fashion, is a process a lot more complicated that takes time to perfect. Tech will evolve in the future and smarter robots are going to take over every industry. In some fields, automation has already surpassed expectations. For example, there are robotic pool cleaners that eliminate the need for workers to tend to clean the pools as the devices already deliver perfection. The latest robots are able to clean all the surfaces of a pool while maintaining a high energy efficiency to help save costs, and who knows what else the future holds. Seeing how profitable it is to replace people with robots, some companies are even launching robots capable of sewing by combining software and hardware in one process. Brands are already using some of the most popular 3D tech or even the latest sewing robots. While some brands plan to bring their production closer to their office, others are using 3D technology to give people customized goods only available by order as well as opening new horizons for easy customization.

CHANGING THE BUSINESS

Electric sewing machines have been around since the WW2, but they could only work with the help of a human being. Nowadays, the automatic revolution has begun reducing the number of workers needed for mass production of clothing to more than a half. Robots are built with sewing and cutting the fabric features. AI is already affecting the big brands into making smarter decisions about their products, turning the next era of fashion into an era that is about their way of predicting and customizing their goods. Large fashion companies are using technology to understand their customer’s needs, a factor that is growing their profits, allowing them to predict what customers will want to wear not so far in the future, as we anticipated before. When the sewbots evolved, they took over many tasks performed by humans leaving them without their jobs and main income. While the fashion industry evolves, the humans must search for other places to work that have not yet been taken over by robots. On the other hand, with robots replacing the sewing machines, the productivity has increased making some companies able to supply their merchandise to their customers quicker. It’s not to say that it has become futile for the fashion industry yet, but the truth of the matter is that everyone seeks efficiency, especially when discussing business. The heavy duty sewing machine is irreplaceable for fashion from many points of view as it withstands intense use and delivers the speed this industry needs, being able to sew at a moment’s notice. It needs to be operated by a person who can work for a limited number of hours per day, however, and who might even make mistakes. This isn’t an issue to be had if the process is conducted through robotic tech as human error and needs are taken out of the equation, which results in higher profits for business owners and increased production. The rise of the robotic tailoring has made popular seasons almost disappear from the industry, another detail worth mentioning, and now more brands are announcing micro-seasons instead of the old seasons. To keep up with the advanced tech brands, the traditional ones began releasing more and more and created their own seasons.

BENEFITS

Besides making the process of creating clothes quicker, the using of robots in the clothes business has other benefits. This robotic industry will help many companies go back to where they started, which will eliminate the need for skilled labor, a short supply there and too costly for most of their customers. It will not produce many factory jobs but would generate more jobs in the administrative and managerial level. Overall, robots in the fashion business may have a positive outcome, but it can have a negative impact as well. It can allow us to take overseas jobs, for example, and cheaper clothes, but the impact on the economy of developing countries could be catastrophic.

THE DOWNSIDE BUSINESS

The dark side of this new environment is caused by the low-cost, low-quality clothes in workshops with uncertain working conditions, with low-paid workers. Moreover, the cheap fabrics used to make inexpensive clothes are treated with bad chemicals. The fast fabrication generates massive textile waste, which damages the workers and the surroundings. According to EPA, around 13 million tons of clothes are disposed of every year. Some of the robots created only work on a specific type of material, a challenge for manufacturers in the beginning, but now they found a way to manipulate the materials, to make them compatible. To this option are of course some limitations, because materials need to be completely wet, and certain fabrics are to be used, but overall, the process is doable. We are almost sure that they will not take over the world and make us their slaves, so do not worry about that. Let us not forget that the making of a robot could take months, only making the water-soluble thermoplastic to stiffen fabric to be like cardboard takes a lot of time. However, when it comes to stitching together complicated patterns, human hands are still the best option rather than those inflexible robot hands.

Create Promotional Videos Like a Pro

Hello friends, I hope you all are doing great. In today's tutorial, I am going to show you How to Create Promotional Videos Like a Pro. Creating a promotional video is one of the major factors for dominating online traffic. It is the most powerful part of your content. According to a prediction, in the next few years, most of the part on the World Wide Web will be taken over by the videos. Cisco estimates that video traffic will contribute 82% of the global internet traffic by 2021. Undoubtedly, this number is only going to rise up. It is because videos are capturing and keeping the attention of people more than text-based content. If you are seeking to create a promotional video for your business like a pro and don’t know from where to start, start reading about popular video marketing tools. These tools are efficient and help you create a video in a few minutes.

How to create promotional videos like a pro?

Today, you can read several blogs that illustrate how to create promotional videos for your brand. Websites like the Engineering Projects has a forum where people discuss the topics and posts about creating videos and many other topics. Coming to the main topic, how to create a promotional video like a pro, so let’s find out…

1. Identify Your Objective

Before planning to sit down to script your video, take a step back and think why you want to create a video? Undoubtedly, videos can be expensive to create, so it is crucial to identify your objectives first. For instance, you’ve started a new company and you want to create a video that introduces the mission of your brand to the visitors. Or you have a new product line that needs to be explained to prospective buyers. Or you are running a sale and require people to take action. Usually, a video helps the brand in driving sales, traffic, educate customers and increase customer engagement.

2. Select A Direction

Now that you have identified your objective, it is time to choose a direction for your video. A video can help you introduce your business motive, encourage visitors to take actions, give solutions, and more. There are several possible directions including introductory, informative, drive action, explanatory, entertainment,  problem/solution, narrative, testimonials, and more to pick from. Once you’ve finalized your video objective and direction, it is time to further refine your video making approach by writing a script.

3. Write a Script

A well-written script is a base for an effective brand video. So ensure to take out some time and write down a valid script before starting to make a video. Your script should be able to:

• Grab the attention of your viewers
• Describe what your brand does (in an easy-to-understand method)
• Keep your viewers engaged
• Boost your conversion rate

Also, the sentences that you use in your video should be simple, short, and concise so that viewers can understand your motive. Speak in a personal tone and end things with a call to action. Another important thing you should mention in your script is - the duration of your video. Keep the length short as much as possible. The reports show that people tend to drop off after the first 30 seconds, so keep your video to a minute or less.

4. Use an Online Tool

If you are ready with your marketing strategy (your objective, target audience, and brand goal), the next step is to start making a video. The best way to create a brand video is to take help from a reliable video making tool. There are several tools available that can help you create professional brand videos in the cloud in a couple of clicks. From different options available to select from, you can pick Renderforest to make your dream come true. Choose a professionally crafted template as per your project theme, edit it, and put your brand in the spotlight in minutes. Using this tool, you can create a short or long video with lasting impact and can promote your brand with style.

Conclusion

These are some crucial tips you must follow to create promotional videos like a pro. Plan well, strategize and implement your idea to create great promo videos to take your brand to the peaks of success. Videos have the power to change the perspectives of your viewers. So, plan wisely to create a captivating video and present your business in the positive light. Being a startup in this industry, first of all, you need to make your business website. If you’re not a designer, it would be perfect to consult an expert regarding your list of important and final website making details. Browse websites like TEP (The Engineering Projects) that can help you design attractive and SEO friendly website at a minimal cost with complete control on iPhone, Blackberry, and Android apps. Once you’ve made your business website, you may proceed with producing professional videos for your brand. Keep all aforementioned tips in mind, begin creating stunning & exciting professional videos, and start your brand promotion. Bio: Roman Daneghyan is Chief Marketing Officer at Renderforest, specializing in social media marketing, content marketing, and SEO.

NuGet Package Management in ASP.NET MVC

Hello friends, I hope you all are doing great and having fun with your lives. In today's tutorial, we will discuss in detail about NuGet Package Management in ASP.NET MVC. It's 15th tutorial in ASP.NET MVC series. Today's tutorial is not about programming, instead we are gonna discuss this pre installed tool NuGet Package Management in ASP.NET MVC. NuGet Package Management is use to install packages and libraries, which you want to use in your project. It downloads the files online and then installs it. So, let's discuss this ASP.NET MVC tool in detail:

NuGet Package Management in ASP.NET MVC

• NuGet Package Management is a package manager for ASP.NET MVC, which is used for downloading and installing different packages & Libraries online.
• If any of your packages needs to be updated, then it can also be done by NuGet Package Management.
• There are many third part packages available online, even there are many independent packages developed by Microsoft itself, which you can easily download & install using NuGet Package.

• These third party packages could be open source or closed source.
• So, now let's have a look at How to install any package using NuGet Package Management in ASP.NET MVC.
• Right Click on your Projects' name in Solution Explorer and then click on Manage NuGet Packages, as shown in below figure:

• It will open up a NuGet window in your workspace, as shown in below figure:

• You can see in above figure that NuGet window is opened and it has three tabs:
  • Browse: For browsing new packages.
  • Installed: Search pre-installed packages in your visual studio.
  • Updates: Here you will get the notifications for updates of your pre-installed packages.
• On the right side of each package, we have two versions listed.
• The upper version is the installed version of that package in your visual studio software and the lower one is currently available version.
• You can click on the upper arrow to update that package.
• Here's the video demonstration of NuGet Package Management in ASP.NET MVC:

So, that was all about NuGet Package Management in ASP.NET MVC. It was a quick tutorial as I don't have much to explain here, its a simple tool but you should know about it as it will be used in coming tutorial. That's why I have posted it. If you have any questions, please ask in comments and I will try my best to help you out. Thanks for reading, have a good day. Take care !!! :)

Validation in ASP.NET MVC

Hello friends, I hope you all are doing great. In today's tutorial, we will discuss Validation in ASP.NET MVC. It's our 14th tutorial in ASP.NET MVC series. In our previous tutorial, we have seen Model Binding in ASP.NET MVC and you have seen we have created a View for our Model class. In today's tutorial, we are gonna add some validations on the data provided by the users in those Text box fields. We will place some constraints like the age must be above 13 or the characters of name must be between 4 to 20. So, let's have a look at How to deal with Validation in ASP.NET MVC:

Validation in ASP.NET MVC

• Validation uses built-in attribute of ASP.NET called DataAnnotations and is used to validate inputs provided by the user.
• Validation is a very powerful attribute of ASP.NET MVC and it can be applied to entire model class or any property of model class.

• It places a restriction on the inputted data by the user, and if the data doesn't follow the specified rules then it will generate an Error Message and won't allow the user to submit form.
• It's really helpful from development point of view, as the developer always gets the data in single specified format, thus can easily handle it.
• Following table shows few of the most commonly used Validations in ASP.NET MVC:

Validation in ASP.NET MVC
No.	Attribute	Description
1	Range	Value sould lie b/w specified range (e.g. Age)
2	StringLength	Maximum Characters (e.g. First Name)
3	Required	This field is Compulsory. (*required)
4	RegularExpression	The user input must match the provided format (e.g. Date / Time)
5	MaxLength	Sets the Maximum Limit.
6	CreditCard	For Credit Card details.
7	CustomValidation	Custom validations defined by developer.
8	FileExtension	Restriction on File Extension (e.g. only img file)
9	MinLength	Sets the Minimum Limit.
10	EmailAddress	Email Address must be provided.
11	Phone	Phone Number Format must followed.

• I hope you have now got the basic idea of what is validation.
• Now let's implement one of these validations in ASP.NET MVC.
• So, open your StudentModel.cs file, it's our model class which we have created in tutorial: How to Create a New Model in ASP.NET MVC.

• You can see in the above figure that I have added an attribute before Name variable.
• It's a StringLength Validation and the first parameter which I have set to 20 is the maximum length of string allowed.
• While minimum length is specified as 4, so this Validation is restricting the Name model to only accept value of length between 4 and 20.
• So, now run your application and check the View and in Name Text box enter your name, here are the results:

• In Case 1, the input string length is less than 4, while in Case 2, length is greater than 20.
• That's why it has given error in both cases.
• We can also add multiple Validation to single property, as shown in below figure:

• Below this StringLength, I have placed another Validation in ASP.NET MVC which is [Required].
• So, now it will also make sure that Name field is not empty.
• Here's the video demonstration of Validation in ASP.NET MVC, have a look at it:

So, that was all about Validation in ASP.NET MVC. I hope you have enjoyed today's tutorial and I would suggest you to try all those Validation as a homework and share your codes with us in the comments. Thanks for reading, Take care !!!

Model Binding in ASP.NET MVC

Hello friends,I hope you all are doing great and having fun with your lives. In today's tutorial, we are gonna have a look at Model Binding in ASP.NET MVC. It's our 13th tutorial in ASP.NET MVC series. Today, we are gonna discuss a new concept in ASP.NET MVC and it's more of a luxury as it automates the job and makes our work easy. Suppose, in your application, you want to create a registration form and thus you need to pass this data from View to your model, so that it could be saved in your database. So, in order to bind this HTTP request data from View to Model, we use Model Binding. Let's have a look at Model Binding in ASP.NET MVC in detail:

Model Binding in ASP.NET MVC

• Model Binding in ASP.NET MVC is used to bind the data sent by the HTTP request with Model.
• You must have viewed during some form submission online, that when you click on the submit button then a form of data is sent by the HTTP string.
• This HTTP data is linked to the Controller's action methods in the form of input parameters.

• For example, suppose we have an action method "public ActionResult Edit(int id)", here the parameter int id could be used as a model binder.
• It may happen that this id value is coming from some HTTP request "http://localhost/Student/Create?id=10".
• So, the model binders get data from View via HTTP request and then pass this value to Controller's action method, which in turn shows up to models.
• When we create a new form in ASP.NET MVC, then this model binding is automatically done by visual studio.
• Let's create a new View and have a look at working of Model Binding in ASP.NET MVC.
• So, in your StudentController.cs file, right click on the action method Create and then click on Add View, as shown in below figure:

• When you click on the Add View, it will open a New Window for Creating a View.
• We have already seen it in How to Create a New View in ASP.NET MVC.
• So, here's the screenshot for the settings, first I have given this View a name Create, then I have selected Create Template.
• Finally, I have selected the Model class, which we have created in one of our previous tutorial: Create a New Model in ASP.NET MVC.

• After these settings, click the Add Button and a new View for the Create action method will be created.
• Create.cshtml file will open up in your workspace, as shown in below figure:

• If you remember the Student Model, it has four variables as shown in below figure:

• So, let's open our newly created Model in the browser.
• If everything goes fine then you will get similar results:

• You can see in the above figure that visual studio has created the same four fields in the View which were present in the Model class.
• The data we will enter here will be sent to the model and then will be saved in the database.
• Code for the Model Binding in ASP.ENT MVC has automatically been created, which we have seen in Create.cshtml.
• Here's the video demonstration of Model Binding in ASP.NET MVC:

So, that was all about Model Binding in ASP.NET MVC. If you got into any trouble in understanding it, then ask in comments. In the next tuorial, we will have a look at Data Validation in ASP.NET MVC. Thanks for reading, Take Care !!! :)

HTML Helpers in ASP.NET MVC

Hello friends, I hope you all are doing great. In today's tutorial, we are gonna have a look at HTML Helpers in ASP.NET MVC. It's our 12th tutorial in ASP.NET MVC series. I know every tutorial is a new concept for you to understand but we have to cover all of them before starting working on our project in ASP.NET MVC. If you have worked on ASP.NET web forms or C# / Visual Basic projects then you must be aware of toolboxes, from where we can drag and drop our visual components like textbox, editbox, button etc. But in ASP.NET MVC applications, we don't have this luxury of drag and drop. Instead we have HTML Helper classes which are used to created these html components in ASP.NET MVC. So, let's have a look at How to use HTML Helpers in ASP.NET MVC:

HTML Helpers in ASP.NET MVC

• HTML Helpers are simple C# classes in ASP.NET MVC, which are used to create HTML components in the run time environment.
• HTML Helper creates a path for displaying model values (saved in SQL Databases) in respective HTML components e.g displaying name in Name Text Box.

• We can also get values from HTML components and then save them in our database via Model. You should recall Tut # 02: What is a Model ?.
• So, instead of drag and drop as in C# applications, in ASP.NET MVC we are generating and controlling our HTML components programmatically using HTML Helper classes.
• There are numerous HTML Helpers are available in ASP.NET MVC but the most commonly used HTML Helpers are shown in below table:

HTML Helpers in ASP.NET MVC
Type	Forced Type	Description
Html.TextBox	Html.TextBoxFor	It creates a Text Box.
Html.TextArea	Html.TextAreaFor	It creates a Text Area.
Html.CheckBox	Html.CheckBoxFor	It creates a Check Box.
Html.RadioButton	Html.RadioButtonFor	Radio buttons are created using this HTML Helper.
Html.DropDownList	Html.DropDownListFor	Drop Down List is created with it.
Html.ListBox	Html.ListBoxFor	It is used to create Multi-select list box.
Html.Hidden	Html.HiddenFor	Hidden fields are created with it.
Password	Html.PasswordFor	Password text box are created with it.
Html.Display	Html.DisplayFor	It creates Html text.
Html.Label	Html.LabelFor	Labels are created here.
Html.Editor	Html.EditorFor	Editor is created using it.
Html.ActionLink		It creates Anchor link.

• In normal HTML language, we use html tags e.g. <a> this html tag is used for linking, but in ASP.NET MVC we use HTML Helper and HTML Helper makes it too easy to bind model data with View design.
• For example, if we are working on simple html then we will use <a href="/Student/Click ME">Click ME</a> this code to create a link, but in HTML Helper it will be @Html.ActionLink("Click ME", "Click ME").
• I have simply used Action Link, which will create a Link component and then I have given it a name and then action method.
• So, when you click on it then Click ME action method will be called.
• Open the index.cshtml file of our Student Controller. ( Recall: Tut # 6: Create a New Controller in ASP.NET MVC )
• I have removed the extra code in this index file and have added a new HTML Link Helper, as shown in below figure:

• You can see in above figure that Link Helper has two inputs, the first one is the Anchor Text of the Link, while the second one is the action method which should be called i.e. Get1().
• Here's the video demonstration of HTML Helpers in ASP.NET MVC:

So, that was all about HTML Helpers. You must have got the idea that Html Helpers are not that difficult, in fact they are here to ease the job. Thanks for reading. Take care & have fun !!! :)

Introduction to MPU6050

Hello friends, I hope you are all fine and will be doing something special in your life. In today's post, we are gonna have a look at a detailed Introduction to MPU6050. MPU6050 is a sensor for motion processing devices. It is the world's first six-dimension motion tracking device. It was designed for low-cost and high-performance smartphones, tablets and wearable sensors. It is capable of processing nine-axis algorithms, it captures motion in X, Y and Z axis at the same time. MPU6050 is used in different industrial projects and electronic devices to control and detect the 3-D motion of different objects. In today's post, we will have a look at its working, pinout, protocol, it's interfacing with Arduino, features, applications, etc. I will also share some links of projects where I have interfaced it with Arduino and some other microcontrollers. Friends if you have any questions about it, please ask in the comment box I will resolve your queries in the simplest way possible. So let's start with a basic Introduction to MPU6050.

Introduction to MPU6050

• MPU6050 is a microelectromechanical system (MEMS), it consists of a three-axis accelerometer and a three-axis gyroscope. It helps us to measure velocity, orientation, acceleration, displacement and other motion-like features.
• MPU6050 consists of  Digital Motion Processor (DMP), which has the property to solve complex calculations.

• MPU6050 consists of a 16-bit analog-to-digital converter hardware. Due to this feature, it captures three-dimensional motion at the same time.
• This module has some famous features which are easily accessible, due to its easy availability it can be used with a famous microcontroller like Arduino. Friend if you are looking for a sensor to control the motion of your Drone, self-balancing robot, RC Cars and something like that, then MPU6050 will be a good choice for you.
• This module uses the I2C module for interfacing with Arduino.
• MPU6050 is less expensive, Its main feature is that it can easily combine with an accelerometer and gyro.

Now, Lets discus PINOUT of MPU6050.

MPU6050 PINOUT & Description

There is a main eight PINOUT of MPU6050, which are described here:

MPU6050 Pinout
Pin#	Pin Name	Description
01	Vcc	This pin used for Supply Voltage. Its input voltage is +3 to +5V.
02	GND	This pin use for ground
03	SCL	This pin is used for clock pulse for I2C compunction
04	SDA	This pin is used for transferring of data through I2C communication.
05	Auxiliary Serial Data (XDA)	It can be used for other interfaced other I2C module with MPU6050.
06	Auxiliary Serial Clock (XCL)	It can also be used for other interfaced other I2C module with MPU6050.
07	AD0	If more than one MPU6050 is used a single MCU, then this pin can be used to vary the address.
08	interrupt (int)	This pin is used to indicate that data is available for MCU to read.

 

• For better understanding lets see PINOUT diagram:

Now, let's discuss the features of MPU6050.

Features of MPU6050

These are some features of MPU6050.

• MPU6050 is the world's first integrated six motion tracking device
• The communication protocol at which it operates is I2C.
• It is built in 16 BIT ADC, which provide high accuracy.
• Its operating voltage is 3 to 5 volts.
• It consists of a digital motion processor, which provide high computational power.
• It is inbuilt in the temperate sensor.
• It can be used to interfaces with IIC devices like magnetometer.
• The pitch of its pins is 0.1 inch.
• Its Acceleration Range is  +/-2g, +/-4g, +/-8g, +/-16g.
•  Its Dimensions (excluding pins) are, 21.2mm (0.84") length x 16.4mm (0.65") width x 3.3mm (0.13") height.
•  Its weight is 2.1g.
• It has the smallest and thinnest QFN package for portable devices, 4x4x0.9 mm.
• Its operating current is 3.9 mA when its six motion sensing axes and DMP are in motion.
• It also has gyroscope feature like its  Gyroscope operating current is 3.6 mA.
• Its gyroscopic stand by current is 5µA. It also has low improved frequency noise performance.
• It works at Gyroscope range, ± 250 500 1000 2000 °/ s.

Now let's discuss the I2C protocol on which it operates.

I2C Protocol

As we earlier discus that MPU6050 works on I2C protocol, now discuss this protocol.

• MPU6050 was first introduced by the Philips semiconductors in 1982. For sending and receiving data between two or more devices we need a path which called BUS. I2C is a bidirectional two-wire bus which use to send data between integrated circuits.
• I2C consist of three data transfer speed which is, standard, fast-mode, and high-speed mode. I2C sports 7 bit and 10-bit address devices.
• I2C is the best choice where simplicity and low manufacturing cost are more important than speed.
• For a better understanding of how I2C protocol works, let's see is a picture.

MPU6050 Arduino Interfacing

Now let's have a look at MPU6050 Arduino interfacing.

• In the given diagram we have shown its interfacing with Arduino, the value which we can by using this module are given below The following data values can be obtained using this example.
  • Quaternion Components (w, x, y, z), Euler angles, Yaw, Pitch, Real world Acceleration, Roll, World frame acceleration and Teapot invent sense Values.
  Let's see the circuit. 

Applications of MPU6050

•  It is used for IMU measurement.
• It can be used in Drones / Quadcopters as direction controller.
•  It used in Self-balancing robots.
• It can use as Robotic arm controls.
• It can be used in Humanoid robots
•  It used in Tilt sensor.
•  It can be used orientation or Rotation Detector.
• It can be in Handset and portable gaming
•  It used inMotion-based game controllers
•  It used in 3D remote controls for Internet-connected DTVs and set-top boxes, 3D mice

Friend, that was about MPU6050, If you something else kindly asks in a comment box. I will further guide you in the next tutorial. Till then take care.....

Action Selectors in ASP.NET MVC

Hello friends, I hope you all are having fun with your lives. In today's tutorial, we are gonna have a look at Action Selectors in ASP.NET MVC. It's the 11th tutorial in ASP.NET MVC series and if you have covered so far then that means you really want to learn this language. Action Selectors are also new for you as we haven't discussed them yet but they are not that difficult to understand. Action Selectors are built-in attributes of ASP.NET which are directly applied to action methods of Controllers. We use Action Selectors to influence on Controller's action methods. In simple words, we use Action Selectors to guide URL Routers in selection of correct action method. Let's have a detailed overview of Action Selectors:

Action Selectors in ASP.NET MVC

• Action Selectors are built-in attributes provided in ASP.NET MVC and are directly influence our Controller's action methods.
• Action Selectors guide the URL Routers to respective action method of Controller which then opens up View for the user.
• Action Selectors are simple C# classes.
• There are 3 types of Action Selectors available in ASP.NET MVC, named as:
  • ActionName
  • NonAction
  • ActionVerbs
• So, let's discuss each of them in detail:

1. ActionName Selector in ASP.NET MVC

• ActionName Selector (as the name suggests) is used to change the name of Action from the name of Controller's Method.
• Let's open the StudentController.cs file which we created in Tut # 06: Create a New Controller in ASP.NET MVC.
• I have added an action Method here Get() and above this method I have placed [ActionName("GetAction")], as shown in below figure:

• If we want to access this action method Get(), then we have to place localhost:12345/Student/Get in our browser.
• But after placing the ActionName Selector, now we have to use localhost:12345/Student/GetAction in order to call Get() Method.
• So, in this case the name of action is GetAction but the name of method is Get.
• But if we don't use ActionName Selector, then name of both Action and Method is Get.
• Let's have a look at what's the effect of ActionName Selector:

• As you can see in above figure that when we have used Get then we received Server Error.
• When we have used GetAction (assigned in ActionName) then our Method Get() is called.
• Here's the video demonstration of ActionName Selector in detail:

2. NonAction Selector in ASP.NET MVC

• NonAction Selector is another built-in attribute of ASP.NET MVC and as the name name suggests, it is used to remove the Action from action method.
• If you place NonAction Selector before an action method in your Controller then you won't be able to access that method directly from its action.
• URL Router will think this method doesn't exist, if its called directly.
• Let's add some code in our StudentController.cs file, as shown in below figure:

• I have added [NonAction] before our action method Get1(), that's how we specify nonAction Selector in ASP.NET MVC.
• If you have a look in the Index Method then you can see I have called Get1 there.
• Now when we open the Home Page of our site, then this Get1 action method will be called and it will work fine.
• But if we want to call the Get1 action method directly then it won't open up and will give us a Server error.
• That's because we have placed nonAction Selector before it.
• Results of both Home page & direct calling the action method are shown in below figure:

• So, its cleared from the above figure that nonAction has removed the action from our method and now its just a simple public method, which we can call from inside but no one can access it from outside directly.
• Here's the video demonstration of nonAction Selector, must watch it for live action:

 

3. ActionVerbs Selector in ASP.NET MVC

• ActionVerbs Selector is third built-in selector in ASP.NET MVC and is used to assign some specified HTTP request to action methods.
• It helps the URL router in selection of correct action method.
• Let's say you have two action methods in your project and they have a same name but you want to use one for GETting data and the second one for POSTing data.
• Let's have a look at the similar situation in below code:

• AS you can see in above figure that we have written two action methods of the same name Get1.
• So, now if you call it in your browser then you will get Server Error, as shown in below figure:

• So, now let's place our ActionVerbs Selector before one of these action methods, which one we want to call.
• I have placed the [HttpGet] before second action method and now because of this ActionVerbs Selector,URL Router will know which action method to call.

• Now when you open Get1 page, it will open fine.
• These ActionVerbs Selector are supported by ASP.NET MVC:
• • HttpPost
  • HttpGet
  • HttpDelete
  • HttpPut
  • HttpOptions
  • HttpPatch
• Here's the video demonstration of ActionVerbs Selector in detail:

So, that was all about Action Selectors in ASP.NET MVC. I hope you have enjoyed today's tutorial and now can easily use Selectors in ASP.NET. Thanks for reading. Have a good day !!! :)

Introduction to MFRC522

Hello friends, I hope you are all fine and doing great. In today's tutorial, we will have a look at a detailed Introduction to MFRC522. MFRC522 is an RFID Embedded module used to read and write RFID cards and operates at 13.56MHz contactless communication. It is a less costly, low-voltage, and small-sized non-contact card chip. It is the best choice for intelligent instruments and portable handheld devices. It communicates with microcontrollers over SPI Protocol.

MFRC522 is used in different engineering projects, mostly for security purposes in offices, banks, plazas, etc. You must have seen in English Movies that a person just shows his ID card to the machine and its whole profile data pops up on the computer and if he is authorized then the front door automatically opens up. Those cards are normally RFID cards.

In today's post, we will discuss its pinout, protocol, working, circuit diagram etc. in detail. I will also share links to projects where I have interfaced MFRC522 with Arduino and other microcontrollers. If you have any questions about this device, please ask in the comments, I will try my best to solve your problems. So let's start with a basic Introduction to MFRC522:

Introduction to MFRC522

Let's start with a detailed introduction of MFRC522:

• MFRC522 module is a less costly, lower voltage, and small-sized noncontact card chip,  it is the best choice for security instrument and portable devices.
• This sensor-based on advanced modulation and demodulation concept, this concepts uses in all types of contactless communication methods.
• MFRC522 also supports crypt-01 encryption algorithm to verify Mifare products.

• It supports Mifare series of high-speed non-contact communication, by using this series we can send and receive data up to 424 kbit/s.
• A transmitter of MFRC522 is able to drive reader and writer antenna, which designed to communicate with IEC 14443 A/MIFARE cards. It works with this card without any special circuit.
• MFRC522 supports MF1xxS20 and MF1xxS70  products.
• There are two versions of MFRC522:
  • MFRC52201HN1
  • MFRC52202HN1
• The second version of MFRC522 is fully compatible with version one. It has some better features and improvements which are:
  •  This version has An additional timer pre-scaler.
  • It has more stability in rough conditions.

Now, let's discuss the PINOUT of MFRC522:

MFRC522 PINOUT & Description

There are main 8 pins of MRFC522 which are:

• PIN 01: SDA,  this pin use for SPI protocol.
• PIN 02: SCK,  this pin used for providing a clock.
• PIN 03: MOSI,  this pin is used for master device to get out data and for the slave device to get in data.
• PIN 04: MISO, this pin is used for the slave device to get out data and for a master device to get in data.
• PIN 05: IRQ,  this pin is for interrupt purpose.
• PIN 06: GND,  this pin is used for ground.
• PIN 07: RST,  this pin is used for reset-purpose.
• PIN 08: Vcc,  at this supply voltages are applied.

For better understanding let see a picture of PINOUT. Now, let's discuss some features of MFRC522:

Features of MFRC522

• These are some features of MFRC522.
  • Its operating current and voltage are 13 to 26 mA/DC 3.3V.
  • Its Idle operating current voltage is 10-13 mA/ DC 3.3V.
  • Its sleep current is <80 uA.
  • Its Peak current value is <30 mA.
  • Its Operating frequency is 13.56 MHz.
  • Its dimension is 40 mm×60 mm.
  • Its Ambient operating temperature is - 20 to 80 degrees centigrade.
  • Its Ambient storage temperature is - 40 to 85 degrees centigrade.
  • Its Ambient relative humidity 5% is 95%.
  • It has FIFO buffer handles 64 byte sending and receiving data.
  • It Supports MFIN/MFOUT.

Let's discuss the SPI Protocol on which it works.

SPI Protocol

• Serial peripheral interface (SPI) is supported to enable high-speed communication to the host. This interface can handle data speeds up to 10 Mbit/s.
• Communicating with a host, the MFRC522 acts as a slave, receiving data from the external host for register settings, sending and receiving data relevant for RF interface communication.
• An interface with SPI enables high-speed serial communication between the microcontroller and an MFRC522.
• MFRC522 acts as a slave during SPI communication. SPI clock signal SCK must be generated by the master. Data communication from the master to the slave device uses the MOSI line.
• MISO line is used to send data from the MFRC522 to the master.
• Data on both MOSI and MISO lines are sent with the MSB first.

For better understanding lets have a look at its circuit diagram.   Let disuses some applications of MRFC522.

Applications of MFRC522

• These are some applications of MFRC522.
  • MFRC522 is a highly integrated reader/writer IC for contactless communication.
  • It can be used for security purposes in office, banks, and some buildings.
  • It can be interfaced with Arduino for some industrial projects.

This was all about MFRC522. I hope you will get a lot of knowledge from this post. If you have any questions about MFRC522, please ask in comments. I will resolve your query. Thanks for reading. Take care!!!

PC817 Library for Proteus

Hello friends, I hope you all are doing great. In today's tutorial, I am going to share a new PC817 Library for Proteus. PC817 is an optocoupler / optoisolator, which is used for electrical isolation between components or modules. It's normally used after Microcontroller Pins so that back emf doesn't burn them. You should also have a look at Introduction to PC817, I have shared its complete details there. PC817 is used a lot in Embedded projects but is not available in Proteus, so our team has designed it for the first time. Using this Library, now you can easily simulate this optocoupler in your Proteus simulations. So, let's get started with How to download & install PC817 Library for Proteus:

PC817 Library for Proteus

• First of all, download this PC817 Library for Proteus by clicking the below button:

[dt_default_button link="https://www.theengineeringprojects.com/ArduinoProjects/PC817 Library for Proteus.zip" button_alignment="default" animation="fadeIn" size="medium" default_btn_bg_color="" bg_hover_color="" text_color="" text_hover_color="" icon="fa fa-chevron-circle-right" icon_align="left"]Download Proteus Library[/dt_default_button]

• It's a zip file, which will have a Proteus Library folder.
• Open this folder, and you will find these 2 Library files in it:
  • OptocouplersTEP.IDX
  • OptocouplersTEP.LIB
• Place these Library Files in the Library folder of your Proteus software.

Note:

• If you are unable to add Library in Proteus 7 or 8 Professional, then you should have a look at How to add new Library in Proteus 8.

• Now open your Proteus ISIS software or restart it if its already open.
• In the components search box, make a search for PC817.
• If everything goes fine, then you will get results as shown in below figure:

• Now place this PC817 in your workspace.
• Default optocoupler available in Proteus contains 5 Pins but this PC817 has 4 Pins, as shown in below figure:

• I have shown both optocouplers in above figure.
• Now let's design a simple circuit to have a look at How it works:
• So, connect three LogicState and one LED with PC817, as shown in below figure:

• Now run your Proteus Simulation and change the states of your buttons.
• Both On & Off states of PC817 are shown in below figure:

• So, that's How you can easily simulate PC817 in Proteus.

I hope this PC817 Library will help you in your Engineering Projects. If you got into any trouble, then ask in comments and we will help you out. Thanks for reading, take care and have fun !!! :)