The Engineering Projects

Seven Segment Display Using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS

Hello friends, hope you all are fine and enjoying. Yesterday I got a mail from a friend, and he requested me to explain a tutorial about Seven Segment Display. So today, I am going to share my new project tutorial which is Seven Segment Display using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS. It is a very simple project to understand Modern Digital Electronics.

As you all know, now a days all the Digital Display’s uses Seven Segment Display. So first of all let’s have a little introduction about Seven Segment Display. How they are fabricated and how their LED’s glow in such a beautiful manner? Seven Segment Display (SSD) is the form of electronic device, used to display decimal numbers. Seven Segment Displays are commonly designed in Hexagonal shape but according to our project’s requirement we can also design them in some other shapes like rectangle, triangle, trapezoid etc. Seven Segment Displays may uses LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD) or LIGHT EMITTING DIODE (LED) for each display segment. In Seven Segment Display all the positive terminals (Anode) or all the negative terminals (Cathode) are brought together to a common pin and such arrangements are known as “Common Anode” or “Common Cathode” arrangement. In this project we will be using Common Cathode arrangement and Hexagonal shape of Seven Segment Display. A simplest form of Seven Segment Display is shown in the image below:

From the above shown image, we can see that we have total 7 LEDs and we will make them glow in such a scheme that the final image will look like a Numerical number. Now if you recall one of our previous project tutorial which was Sequential LED Blinking using 555 Timer, In that project, we are using a 555 Timer in collaboration with a Shift Register. 555 timer continuously provides clock to the Shift Register and Shift Register gives data to its output pins in parallel manner. In today's project, we are also going to use the same concept. We will use a 555 Timer which will continuously provide clock to Shift Register it will enable it's pin accordingly. We can gather this whole information into a single table and also the sequence in which LED's will blink. Such table is called TRUTH TABLE and it is shown in the image given below:

In the above image, '1' means ON state and '0' means OFF state of a particular LED of Seven Segment Display. Above was a little introduction of Seven Segment Display and now, lets move towards Hardware and see How this beautiful display is actually formed.

You can download the complete simulation of above project by simply clicking on the image given below:

Download Seven Segment Display Project Using 555 Timer

Seven Segment Display Using 555 Timer

• First of all place all the components in your proteus workspace, as shown in the image given below:

• First of all 555 Timer is installed, after that a Shift Register is added. 555 Timer will give clock to the Shift Register. Since we are using common cathode arrangement. So, the 7 input pin of SSD  are connected to the output pins of Shift Register and the common cathode pin is connected to circuit's main cathode. If you have placed all the components in their exact positions and all the connections are OK. then, the resultant simulation will look like as shown in the image below:

• Now if you look closely at the upper portion of the image then, you will notice that i have added 2 buttons in the circuit. Left Button in Button # 1 and Right Button is Button # 2.
• If both the Buttons are kept open and when you will run the simulation then, numerical values will start to come on seven segment display. you can also see it in the below image:

• Now the switching of button # 1 includes a very interesting feature. First of all play the simulation and Digits will start to run on Seven Segment Display and at any stage when you will press Button # 1 then Seven segment display will vanish but counting will keep on going in the back. And when you will open the Button#1 again then it will show that digit, up-to which counting have reached. Below is a very interesting feature included:

• During State#1 when Seven Segment Display was showing digit no.2 , we pressed button#1 then, display vanished which can be seen in the state#2. After that when we re-opened the switch#1 then, Seven segment display didn't show the digit no.3 but it shows digit # 8. and this thing can be seen at state#3.
• Now moving forward, the function of switch # 2 is very simple and easy. During simulation running, when we will press the Button # 2 at any instant then, display will immediately stop at that point. So, we can say that this project can also be used as stop watch and button # 2 controls the stop watch. It can also be seen in the image below:

Seven Segments Displays have a large no of applications. Some of them are listed below:

1. Digital Clocks.
2. Electronic Meters.
3. Basic Calculators.
4. Electronic Devices to Display Numerical Values. (Generally 14-segments or 16-segments display is used to display full alphanumeric values).

Alright friends, that’s all for today, I hope I have conveyed some knowledge and helped you people in some way. If you have some queries, then ask in comments. Subscribe us via email to get these tutorials straight in your inbox. Till next tutorial, take care and be safe !!! :)

Design a 5V Power Supply in Proteus

Hello friends, hope you all are fine and enjoying in your life. In the previous post, we have seen How to use Oscilloscope in Proteus ISIS, today I am going share a new and a very important Tutorial which is How to Design a 5V Power Supply in Proteus? This project is very simple and of basic level but importance of this project is that it is used as a base in almost all large electronics project, designed now-a-days. When I start working on any project then the first thing, I need to design is this DC power supply, because without powering up the components, we can't use them. :)

While designing a 5V Power Supply in Proteus ISIS, we will be using Voltage Regulator IC, which is commonly known as 7805. This voltage regulator is used to regulate or change the voltage level of supply voltage. As we all know, most of the batteries available in market are of 12 volts. For example, if you have UPS at your homes then check its battery, it will be of 12V. Similarly, the battery of car or motorcycle is also of 12V. So, 12V has become the standard of electrical batteries. Now, we have known that all batteries are of 12V but the problem comes when we are dealing with sensitive electronic components because they are all designed to operate on 5 volts. Now, as I described earlier that, voltage source available is 12 volts and the operating equipment needs 5 volts to operate. So, we need an intermediate source or such type of DC Power Supply, which can convert the source voltage (12 volts) to operating voltage (5 volts). This problem is eliminated by using 7805 IC, and that’s why it is called Voltage Regulating IC.

So dear Friends, today we will design a 5V power supply, which will be able to change Voltage Level and will provide us our desired voltage. But as I always say, that practice makes a man perfect. Try to design it yourself so that, you also get to know the real application of Voltage Regulator IC. So, let's get started with designing of 5V power supply in Proteus ISIS.

How to Design a 5V Power Supply in Proteus

• You can download the complete simulation of 5V Power Supply in Proteus by clicking the below button:

Design a 5V Power Supply in Proteus

• Voltage Regulating IC 7805 has 3 pins.
  • Pin # 1 is used as input pin and it is connected to supply voltages. It is marked as (VI). DC +12 volts are applied to this pin.
  • Pin # 2 is called common or ground pin. It is marked as (GND). The whole circuit's common is applied to this pin.
  • Pin # 3 is the output pin of 7805. If 12 volts are applied to its input than it automatically generates 5 volts on this pin. This pin is marked as (VO).
• Now, moving towards the designing of the hardware, first of all place all the components in Proteus workspace, as shown in image below:

• In Hardware implementation, first off all apply source voltage (12 volts) to the input pin of 7805 IC. 2 capacitors are also connected in parallel with the source voltage and their ratings are 1000 uf and 100pf respectively.
• On the other side of IC, we also connect 2 capacitors parallel to the gained output voltage (5 volts), and their ratings are 100pf and 100uf respectively. And a LED is also connected in parallel on the load side.
• If you have placed all the components in their perfect place and all the connections are OK, then the resultant proteus simulation will look like as shown in the below image:

• Now if you closely observe the above image then you will notice that Capacitors connected across the 12 volts are of HIGH rating while the Capacitors connected across LED are of LOW rating. The purpose of applying capacitors is to remove noise from our DC voltages. As, we all know that DC voltage source available in market is not that much pure. So, to get pure DC wave Capacitors are connected across it.
• Now when you will run the final simulation then it will look like, as shown in the image given below:

• As you can see that when i ran the simulation, the LED started to glow. Now here is an important thing to note that i have applied a resistance in series with LED. The value of resistance is very low, and very low voltages appear across this resistor. This resistor limits the current and if we directly connect the LED then, their will be chances that the LED may burn out.
• We can justify it as: From ohms law : V=IR, and by rearranging it, we get : I=V/R .
• Now if we remove resistor then R=0, which means: I=V/0 and it lead us to conclude that: I= infinity or maximum in this case. So the only purpose of the resistor is to limit current.

Alright friends, that’s all for today, I hope now you can design a 5V power supply quite easily in Proteus. If you have some queries, then ask in comments. Subscribe us via email to get these tutorials straight in your inbox. In the next tutorial, I have discussed Variable Voltage Modulation using LM317 in Proteus ISIS.

 

LED Blinking using 555 Timer

Hello friends, hope you all are fine and having fun. Today I am going to share my new tutorial which is Sequential LED Blinking Using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS. If you recall our one of previous tutorials, which was ‘Multiple LED Flashing Project Using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS’, but in today’s tutorial we are going to take the same concept to a next level and we are going to make the LEDs blink in either ascending or descending order.

It is a very simple tutorial like the previous one, but the only change is, in this project we have added a Shift Register (4017) next to 555 Timer. 4017 is a Serial IN Parallel OUT Shift Register, which means, at input port it takes data in Serial manner and at output port it will give data in Parallel manner. All types of register needs a clock pulse to operate and this clock is provided by Timers or Micro controllers. In this project we will be using 555 Timer to generate clock pulse. 555 Times gives clock pulse at pin # 3 abbreviated as ‘Q’ pin. And this clock pulse is given at pin # 14 of Shift Register abbreviated as ‘CLK’ pin. Shift Register (4017) has total 15 pins. 2 input pins, 10 output pins. Input data is given at pin # 13, which is called ‘Enable’ pin and register shifts the data sequentially at its output pins. Shift register has 10 output pins which means it is a 10-bit shift register, which means it executes 10-bit data simultaneously. Now dear friends, let’s move towards the hardware of the project but as you know, practice makes a man perfect. Try to do it with your own hand so that, you get to know the practical applications of electrical components in person.

Dear friends, you can also Download the complete simulation of the Sequential LED Blinking Project using 555 Timer, by pressing on the button given below. So, let's get started with Sequential LED Blinking using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS.

Download Sequential LED Blinking Project Using 555 Timer

Sequential LED Blinking using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS

• Weare gonna design a Project named LED Blinking using 555 Timer so let's first have a look at its block diagram.

• Threshold voltage for 555 Timer is 5 volts, and when voltages exceeds this level, 555 timer triggers and it generates a output pulse at its output pin which is ‘Q’ pin.

• While designing the circuit, First of all 555 Timer will come, secondly Shift Register (4017) will be connected with it and at the end we will plug LED's. The complete circuit flow diagram is shown in figure below:

• Now coming towards the designing of the project, first of all, place the components in your Proteus workspace, as shown below in image:

• Now Output pulse from 555 Timer is connected to input ‘CLK’ pin of Shift Register.
• Since the register being used is 10-bit, and its outputs are Q0~Q9. The pins Q0~Q5 are connected to LED's D6~D1 respectively.
• After that Register output pin Q6 is also connected to LED (D2) and it becomes parallel with Q4. Now LED, (D2) has 2 parallel inputs and it becomes HIGH (turns ON) if any of the two Inputs is HIGH.
• Next we connect the Register output pin Q7 to LED (D3) and then it becomes in parallel with Q3. After doing that LED, (D3) has 2 parallel inputs and it becomes HIGH, if any of the 2 inputs is HIGH.
• After doing that, now we connect register’s output pin (Q8) to LED (D4) and then it also becomes in parallel with Q2, and LED will start glowing if any of the 2 inputs will be HIGH.
• Now at the end, we connect Q9 to LED (D5), and then it becomes in parallel with Q1. Now D5 has 2 inputs (Q9 &Q1) and LED will glow if any of the 2 inputs will be HIGH.
• Now at the end, If you have connected all the components in exact order, and all the connections are OK then, the exact simulation will look like as shown below:

• Now if we run the Proteus simulation and observe it closely, then we will see that, 555 Timer is continuously generating PWM and the Shift Register set’s its output ports HIGH from Q0~Q9 respectively.
• First of all Register’s output pin # Q0 becomes HIGH and it send signal to LED (D6) and LED will start glowing. You can also observe this phenomenon in the image given below:

• Then pin # Q1 becomes HIGH and it send signal to LED (D5) and D5 starts glowing. This can be observed in the figure given below:

• Then register's output pin Q2 becomes HIGH and sends signal to LED (D4) and D4 starts glowing. This can also be observed in the figure given below:

• Then Register's output pin Q3 becomes HIGH and send signal to LED (D3) and this LED starts glowing. This stage can be seen in the figure given below:

• Then Register's pin Q4 becomes HIGH and sends signal to LED (D2) and this LED (D2) starts glowing. This process is shown in the image given below:

• And in the next step, Register gets its pin # Q5 HIGH and send signal to LED (D1) starts to glow. This process can be seen in this figure:

• This process keeps on going and when the Register;s next pin becomes HIGH, which is Q6, then it again sends signal to LED (D2) and it starts to glow, and so D3,D4,D5 will glow respectively, and this sequence of LED's blinking will continue, until you stop it manually or by yourself.
• In the beginning, when LED's Started to blink from Left to Right which was (D6 to D1) , this sequence is called Forward Sequence.
• After that, LED's started to blink from Right to Left which was (D1 to D6), this sequence is called Reverse or Backward Sequence.
• We can summarize this whole sequence into a tabular shape, and this table is given in the figure below:

• This process keeps on going and LED's keeps on glowing in a beautiful sequence. These type of projects are generally used for decoration purposes.

• So, that's all about Sequential LED Blinking Using 555 timer.

Alright friends, that's all from this post. I hope now you can easily design LED Blinking using 555 timer Project. In the coming tutorials, we will discuss something new regarding 555 Timer applications. Until than, Take Care and Be Safe !!! :)

LM317 Voltage Regulator in Proteus

Hello friends, hope you all are fine and having fun. In today's post we are gonna have a look at LM317 Voltage Regulator in Proteus. In the previous post, we have seen how to design a 5V Power Supply in Proteus ISIS, which I have designed using IC regulator 7805. Today I am going to share How to design LM317 Voltage Regulator Circuit in Proteus. This DC power supply is a variable one means you can set its output voltage to any level you want. In order to change its output value we have used a variable resistor and by changing its value you can change the output value. It is a basic level project and very simple but used as a base to design large industrial projects. In this project, we are going to control the speed of a DC Motor and the corresponding voltages, appearing across it. The reason for designing this variable DC power supply is that, when you are working on some engineering project then each electronic module has its own power level i.e. xbee module works on 3.3V while Arduino board works on 5V. So, there's a need to design such power supply which can provide variable voltages and we can set them according to our demand. So, for all Microcontrollers like Arduino or PIC Microcontroller or 8051 Microcontroller, I designed 5V Power supply using 7805 but for 3.3V modules like XBee, NRF24L01 etc I design this variable DC power supply using LM317. I hope now you got the importance of this LM317 Voltage Regulator.

To design this, we will be using LM317k. Basically, it is a Voltage Regulator IC. It has 3 pins. Pin # 2 is for input voltages, marked as VI. Pin # 3 is for output voltages, marked as VO, and pin # 1 is used for Regulating Voltages and it is marked as ADJ. Further, if you notice the circuit diagram, which is given in the figure, then you will see that pin # 1 is connected to a Potentiometer. Potentiometer is a Variable Resistor device and it is also known as Voltage Divider. The feature of this electronic device is that, we can adjust the voltage through it according to our own choice. It operates on 12 Volts and it gives us ease that, we can adjust its voltages from 0 to MAXIMUM (which is 12 volts in most cases). Further if we notice the circuit, then we will see that a LED is connected in parallel with a simple DC motor and a voltmeter is also connected in parallel with Motor to monitor the voltages appearing across it. Above information was a little demo about the individual components of the circuit, now let’s be practical and move towards Hardware and see how actually Electronic components respond. You should also have a look at Introduction to LM317, if you wanna read all the basics about it. So let's get started with LM317 Voltage Regulator in Proteus:

LM317 Voltage Regulator in Proteus ISIS

• You can download this complete LM317 Voltage Regulator simulation by clicking the below button but I recommend you to design it on your own so that you learn most from it.

Download Proteus Simulation

• First of all, place all the components in Proteus workspace, as shown in image:

• A 12-Volt DC supply is provided to input pin (# 2) of LM317 and potentiometer is connected to Adjustable pin of LM317, which is, pin # 1.

• At output pin we have connected DC Motor and a Voltmeter is also connected in parallel with Motor.

• The complete circuit, ready for simulation is shown below in image:

Stage # 1

• Set the potentiometer at 0% and run the simulation, you will notice that Motor will rotate very slowly in clock-wise direction and 1.25 volts will appear on the voltmeter across it. If all the connections are OK, and when you will run the simulation, LM317 Voltage Regulator simulation will look like as shown in the image below:

Note:

• If you don't want to use the variable resistance, then you should use this LM317 Calculator to get value of your second resistance.

Stage # 2

• Now, set the potentiometer value to 11% and you will see that, Motor will start to rotate with a faster rate and on voltmeter scale, we will see 6.40 volts. In this setting, the interesting thing is, LED will start to Flash and it will turn ON & OFF automatically. This phenomenon can be seen in images below:

• Stage # 2 is our transient stage. When the potentiometers setting is below 11%, voltage appears across the motor and it also rotates but LED doesn’t glow. On the other hand, when potentiometers setting is above 11%, then LED glows continuously while motor also rotates as before, and voltmeter also gives some particular values of voltages appearing across the motor.

Stage # 3

• Now at final stage, set potentiometer to 100% and you will observe that motor is rotating with full speed and voltmeter reading will be 10.6 volts while LED is glowing continuously. This stage of the simulation can be seen in the image below:

Now, we can conclude that, LM317 is the monitoring device of this circuit. We can set the value of potentiometer according to our own choice and by this, the speed of motor can be controlled and also the corresponding voltages, appearing across it.

Here's the video in which I have given the detailed introduction of LM317 and have also run its simulation:

Alright friends, that's all for today and I hope now you can easily design this LM317 Voltage Regulator. In the next post, I have discussed DC Motor Drive circuit in Proteus ISIS . Till than take care and be safe !!! :)

Angle Control of Servo Motor using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS

Hello friends, hope you all are fine and enjoying. Today we are going to share our new project’s tutorial which is Angle Control of Servo Motor using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS. It is a very simple but a bit technical project. This project has various applications both in industry and in small educational projects.

Servo motor is a DC operated motor and it is available in various sizes and powers. Generally the servo motor used in basic projects, is named as micro servo motor. It is of small size and low power rating. But as I stated earlier that it needs dc supply to operate but it also needs a continuous pulse train to operate and this pulse is commonly generated by some sort of timers or micro controllers. Since my today’s project tutorial (Angle Control of Servo Motor using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS) is of basic level so, we will be using 555 timer to generate the continuous pulse train or PWM. Now let’s move towards hardware but dear friends, always remember that to become a technical person, you must have to perform technical work by yourself.

Angle Control of Servo Motor using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS

• First of all, place the components in your Proteus workspace, as shown below in image.

• A 555 timer is an 8 pin IC. Pin # 6 is called threshold pin and for 555 timer threshold level is 5 volts.

• So, 555 timer will trigger above 5 volts and it will generate output which can be collected from pin # 3 represented as ‘Q’ which is output pin of 555 timer.
• After that the output pulse is sent to servo motor through a Transistor which is BC547.
• BC547 is basically a NPN transistor and the pulse signal is sent to servo motor through its Emitter.
• The full angle deflection of servo motor is from -180 degrees to +180 degrees. It can’t rotate through full 360 degrees. Now it’s your own choice that either you want to rotate the motor at one particular angle or at multiple angles or to get full rotation.

• Since in this tutorial (Angle Control of Servo Motor using 555 Timer), we are going to get full deflection of motor so, we have inserted 2 switches in the circuit. The complete circuit will look like:

• Switch # 1 will rotate the servo motor to 180 degrees in anti-clockwise direction. We will press the button only once and when the motor completes its rotation, it will automatically stop.

• After that if we press the switch # 2, then it will rotate the servo motor in clockwise direction and again after completing the angle, motor will again stop.

• If you have connected the components in correct order and when you will run it, the exact simulation will look like as shown:

• Sonow, if you have a close look on the above two iages then you can see in theState # 1 image I have pressed the left button and the servo motor is moved to -90 degree, this -90 is also mentioned in the green LEDbox just below servo motor.
• And in State # 2, I have pressed the right button and thus the motor is moved to +90 degrees. That's how it will work.
• You can Download the simulation of Angle Control of Servo Motor Project Using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS, by clicking on below button:

Download Angle Control of Servo Motor Project using 555 Timer

Alright Friends, that's all for today, In the coming posts, we will discuss few more such projects. Till than, take care and be safe !!! :)

LED Dimming Project Using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS

Hello friends, hope you all are enjoying and having fun. In today's tutorial we are gonna see how to design a LED Dimming Project using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS. In our previous tutorials we have seen how to design Multiple LED Flasher Project using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS and also Single and Double LED Flasher Project using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS, in which we have seen how to flash Single and Multiple LED's using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS. In today's post i am gonna extend the same concept and we will see how to design a LED Dimming Project Using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS.

It is a quick and very simple tutorial and it elaborates how to control the Intensity of LED using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS. It's a very simple project and the complete project is given at the end for download but again as i always say try to design it by yourself so that you get some knowledge out of it. It's a very simple project and these type of projects are designed by Engineering students in their First semester and are really a good start in learning electronics. If you have any queries regarding this project then feel free to ask and i will try me best to resolve them. So, let's get started with implementation of LED Dimming Project using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS.

LED Dimming Project Using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS

• 555 timer is a well known IC used in timing Projects and it is the most widely used IC before micro controllers.
• In our previous projects we have seen how to flash a single or multiple LED's but today we are going one step ahead and we are gonna learn How to Control the Intensity of LED using 555 timer in Proteus ISIS.
• So. first of all, open your  Proteus software and include the below components into its work space.

• After adding these components, now we need to design the circuit diagram.
• So, design a circuit diagram of LED Dimming Project using 555 Timer as shown below:

 

• If you look closely at the project then you will see that it is similar to one of our project titled Sequential LED Blinking Project with 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS.
• In this project we will control the intensity of LED through 555 timer.
• These kind of projects are also used for Decoration purpose and the beauty of this system is that we can change the Dimming rate of LED and we can control it our self.
• Now we are done with the Designing of the project and let's run its Proteus simulation.
• When you run the Proteus simulation and if everything is alright then the LED pattern will be like:

• The above figure shown the three states of the project.
• State # 1 shows the OFF state of LED, State # 2 shows that LED has started to glow and State # 3 shows that LED is glowing with full intensity.
• After that the loop starts again from State #1 to State # 3, unless you keep running the Proteus Simulation.
• You can download the simulation of LED Dimming project using 555 Timer by clicking on below button:

Download Project Simulation

That's all for today, in the coming post we will discuss few more such projects. Till than take care !!! :)

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Multiple LED Flasher Project using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS

Hello friends, hope you all are enjoying and having fun. In today's tutorial, we are gonna see How to design a Multiple LED Flasher Project using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS. In our previous tutorial we have seen How to design a LED Flasher Project with 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS, in which we have flashed single and double LEDs. In today's post, I am gonna extend that previous tutorial and will see How to flash multiple LEDs with 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS.

Its quite a quick tutorial, as I don't have much material on it and its also quite simple so no much explanation is required. The complete project is given at the end for download but again as I always mention, try to design it by yourself, so that you get some knowledge out of it.This type of projects are normally designed by engineering students in their first or second semesters and are really a good start in learning electronics. IF you have any questions related to this project then ask in comments and I will try my best to resolve them. So, let's get started with implementation of multiple LED Flasher Project using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS.

Multiple LED Flasher Project using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS

• 555 Timer is well known IC used in timing projects and its the most widely used IC before microcontrollers.
• In our previous project we have flashed one and two LEDs using 555 Timer which was quite simple and easy and today we are gonna go a little advance and will flash multiple LEDs using 555 Timer.
• So first of all, open your Proteus software and include the below components into its workspace.

• After adding these components, now we need to design the circuit diagram.
• So, design a circuit diagram of Multiple LED FLasher Project using 555 Timer as shown below:

• If you have a look at the above figure closely and compare it with the previous project of 2 LED Flasher with 555 Timer in Protes ISIS then you can have the idea that its simple an extended version of that project.
• I haven't done anything but simply added LEDs in parallel to those 2 LEDs and give it a beutiful form so that it look attractive.
• These kinds of projects are normally used for decoration where you need to set some pattern for LEDs and make them blink.
• So, now we are done with the designing of our project so let's run the PRoteus Simulation.
• When you run the Proteus Simulation, and if everything's gone fine then these LEDs will start flashing as shown in the below figure:

• The above figure shows the three states of this project.
• State # 1 shows the OFF state of this project while State # 2 and 3 are the ON states, these LEDs will keep on flashing as long as the simulation is running.
• You can download the Proteus simulation of Multiple LED Flasher Project using 555 Timer by clicking on the below button:

Download LED Flasher Project using 555 Timer

That's all for today, I hope I have conveyed some knowledge and helped in some way. It was a quite an easy project that's why I haven't explained much but if you have some querries then ask in comments. Subscribe us via email to get these tutorials straight in your inbox. Till next tutorial, take care !!! :)

Display ADC value on LCD using Arduino

Hello friends, hope you all are fine and having good life. In today's project, we will see how to display ADC value on LCD using Arduino in Proteus ISIS. Its quite a simple project in which we are gonna measure the voltage of ADC pins and then will display them over to LCD. The microcontroller I am using in this project is Arduino. The simulation is designed in Proteus ISIS. IF you are working on PIC Microcontroller then you should have a look at How to Display ADC value on LCD using PIC Microcontroller in Proteus ISIS.

Arduino has 10 bit ADC pins so whenever you apply voltage on these pins it will give you a value ranging from 0 to 1023 depending on the voltage provided. One can easily get this value using a simple function in Arduino analogRead(); but the real problem is to convert this analog value into the actual voltage present on the pin. Suppose you are using A0 pin of arduino and you are providing 3.3V over to this pin, now when you use this analoagRead() function then it will give you some value say 543, but you wanna know what's the actual voltage at this pin which is 3.3V so now converting this 543 to 3.3 is a bit tricky part. It's not difficult but involves a little calculations, which I am gonna cover today in detail. Before going any further, make sure you have already installed the Arduino Library For Proteus, if not then first do it because without this library you won't be able to use Arduino board in Proteus. So, let's get started with How to Display ADC value on LCD using Arduino.

Display ADC value on LCD using Arduino in Proteus ISIS

I have divided this tutorial on How to Display ADC value on LCD using Arduino in few steps, follow these steps carefully and if you get into some trouble then ask in comments and I will try my best to resolve them, all the materials are provided at the end of step 1 for download but I suggest that you design your own so that you do mistakes and learn from them. Moreover, you should also have a look at these Arduino Projects for Beginners. Anyways, let get started:

Step1: Circuit Designing in Proteus

• First of all, I have designed a circuit in Proteus for Displaying ADC value on LCD using Arduino.
• In this circuit, I have used two transformers which I have named as Potential Transformer and Current Transformer. I am supplying 220V to these transformers which is then converted into 5V.
• I have set the turn ratio of these transformers such that they give maximum 5V at the output.
• Now,rest of the circuit is simple, I have just connected the LCD with Arduino so that we could display these ADC value over to LCD.

Note:

• Before connecting any pin to ADC, make sure that the output should be less than 5V. Otherwise, there's a chance that the pin burnt out.
• If you don't know about LCD then read Ciruit Designing of LCD with Arduino in Proteus.
• You should also download this New LCD Library for Proteus.

• Here's the circuit diagram of displaying ADC value on LCD using Arduino in Proteus ISIS:

• You can download the Proteus Simulation and the Arduino hex file for Displaying ADC value on LCD using Arduino by clicking on below button:

Download Proteus Simulation and Arduino Hex File

• It's quite simple and self explanatory. After designing the circuit diagram, now let's move to second step, which is code designing for Displaying ADC value on LCD using Arduino.

Step 2: Arduino Code Designing

• Now copy the below code and paste it into Arduino software. Compile your code and get the Arduino hex file.
• If you dont know How to get the hex file from Arduino then read Arduino Library for Proteus, I have explained it in detail there.

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
#define NUM_SAMPLES 10

int sum = 0;
unsigned char sample_count = 0;
float voltage = 0.0;

LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
const int PT = A0;
const int CT = A1;
float Cur;
float Vol;
float Power;

void setup() {
// set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
lcd.begin(20, 4);
// Print a message to the LCD.
lcd.setCursor(6,1);
lcd.print("Welcome To");
lcd.setCursor(5,2);
lcd.print("Energy Meter");
//delay(5000);
lcd.clear();

Constants();
}

void loop() {
lcd.setCursor(0, 2);
ShowVoltage(9, 0, PT);
Vol = voltage;
ShowVoltage(9, 1, CT);
Cur = voltage;
Power = Vol * Cur;
lcd.setCursor(7,2);
lcd.print(Power);
}

void Constants()
{
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print("Voltage: ");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Current: ");
lcd.setCursor(0,2);
lcd.print("Power: ");
lcd.setCursor(14,0);
lcd.print("V");
lcd.setCursor(14,1);
lcd.print("A");
lcd.setCursor(12,2);
lcd.print("W");
}

void ShowVoltage (int x,int y, unsigned int value)
{
while (sample_count < NUM_SAMPLES)
{
sum += analogRead(value);
sample_count++;
delay(10);
}

voltage = ((float)sum / (float)NUM_SAMPLES * 5.015) / 1024.0;
lcd.setCursor(x, y);
lcd.print(voltage);
sample_count = 0;
sum = 0;
}

• The code is quite simple and self explanatory, the only difficulty is in ShowVoltage function. In this function, I have first taken an average of 10 ADC values and after that I have applied a simple formula over it and then it will start start giving the voltage value which I have simply displayed over the LCD.
• Now everything's done, so Get your Hex File from Arduino Software and let's check the results whether it displayed ADC value on LCD using Arduino or not

Step 3: Result

• We have designed the electronic circuit in Proteus and have also designed our code and uploaded the hex file in Arduino.
• Now press start button and you will see something like this:

• Now if you compare the voltages in voltmeter and on LCD, you can see they are exactly the same. You can check the value of variable resistor and the values in LCD will also change as the voltage in voltmeter change.

That's all for today, hope I have conveyed some knowledge today and now you can easily Display ADC value on LCD using Arduino. In the next post we will explore more Arduino features. Till then take care and have fun !!! :)

LED Flashing Project with 555 Timer in Proteus

Hello friends, hope you all are fine and enjoying life. In today's tutorial, I am gonna show how to do LED Flashing Project with 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS. Its quite a simple project and usually done by engineers in their first or second semester. I have done this project in my first semester and have learned quite a lot from it. I recently done it on Proteus so thought of sharing it with you guys. It will also work on hardware as I have tested it. In this tutorial, we will first have a look at How to do single LED Flashing with 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS. And afterwards, we will also see how to flash two LEDs with 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS. Its quite simple and anyone one with basic knowledge of electronics can design it in his first attempt. Still if you get into any trouble, then ask in comments and I will try my best to resolve your issues, but I don't think its gonna happen as its quite basic. So let's start with this project:

Single LED Flashing Project with 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS

• First of all, copy these components from the Proteus components library:

• After selecting these components, now design a circuit in Proteus as shown in the below figure:

• Now when you click on RUN button in PRoteus ISIS, the LED will kep on flashing,it will go ON for 1 sec and then go OFF as shown in below figures.
• State # 1 is showing the OFF state of LED while the State # 2 is showing the ON state of LED.

• So, it will keep on flashing unless you Stop the Proteus ISIS simulation.
• You can download this simulation by clicking on the below button.

Download Single LED Flashing with 555 Timer in Proteus

Double LED Flashing Project with 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS

• In the above portion, we have seen how to flash a single LED with 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS, now let's flash two LEDs with 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS.
• First of all design a circuit as shown in below figure:

• As you can see its quite similar to the above project for single LED flashing with 555 timer in Proteus ISIS but has small changes in thhe values of resistor.
• So, now when you hit RUN button on Proteus ISIS then these LEDs will start flashing one after another, means when first LED is ON then the second one will be OFF and vice versa.
• Below figures are showing their ON OFF states:

• State # 1 is showing the OFF state for both the LEDs, while State # 2 is showing the ON state for first LED and OFF state for second and in third State first LED is OFF while the second LED is ON.
• So, this simulation will work in this way, if first LED is ON then the second one will be OFF and vice versa.
• You can download this second simulation by clicking on the below button:

Download 2 Led Flashing Project with 555 Timer in Proteus

That's all for today, in the coming post we will have a look how to design a traffic signal flasher with 555 timer in Proteus ISIS, which is gonna be quite exciting tutorial, so let's meet in the next tutorial. Till then take care and have fun !!! :)

Installation of Arduino driver in Windows

In today's tutorial, we are going to see how to install Arduino driver in Windows. In the previous post, we have seen what is Arduino? and why is it so popular and whats its use? Now, afer getting the basic knowledge of Arduino, the next step you need to do is to install Arduino driver in your computer so that it got recognized by your computer as Arduino. If you don't install the Arduino driver in Wndows then you won't be able to program Arduino using Arduino software.

tis tutorial is quite basic and is for the newcomers, who wants to start working on the Arduino software, if you have already run some codes on your Arduino then its not for you. You can skip it. Anyways, It's quite easy and it won't take much time. So let's get started with it.

Installation of Arduino driver in Windows

• First of all, download the Arduino software from Arduino official website. Download the most reent version of Arduino software, which is 1.6.3 while writing this post.
• After downloading the software, now plug your Arduino USB into computer.
• You will hear a small beep and Windows will try to intall the driver itself, but finally a yellow box will appear on the taskbar saying driver can't be installed.

Note:

• If you haven't bought your Arduino UNO yet, then you can buy it from this reliable source:

• So, now right click on your My Computer, open properties, then click on Device Manager and you will get a Window as shown in below figure:

• Now click on Other devices which is encircled in the above figure and you will get a new element named as Unknown device. This Unknown device is actually our Arduino UNO on which we are going to install the driver.
• Right click this Unknown device and then click on the Update Driver Software.

• As you click on it, it will give you two options so click on the below one which says Browse My Computer For Driver Software.

• On clicking it, you will get a Browse option, so now Browse in the Arduino software folder which you downloaded from the Arduino website and then open the drivers folder as shownin below figure and then hit NEXT button.

• After clicking the Next button, it will start installing the driver as shown in below figure:

• After the successful installation, it will show a window as shown below:

• So, now we have succesfully installed the Arduino driver for Windows and if you check it has also assigned the Com Port to Arduino, which is COM16 in my case, as shown in above figure.
• It will also be updated in the Device Manager as shown in below figure:

• That's it, Arduino driver in Windows is succesfully installed and now you can use it and can upload the programming code in it, which we will see in the next post.

Hope it helped you in some way. Let's meet in the next post. Take care and have fun.