PIR Sensor Library for Proteus V3.0
Hi learner! I hope you are doing great. Today, I am sharing version 3.0 of the PIR sensor library for Proteus. We have already shared V1.0 and V2.0 of the PIR Sensor Library. PIR Sensor V1.0 Library for Proteus adds a digital PIR Sensor in Proteus, while the PIR Sensor V2.0 Library adds an analog PIR Sensor to simulate. These libraries were loved by the users and this motivated us to work more on it.
PIR V3.0 is analog in nature, has an error-free structure and the Pinout structure is better organized. Moreover, the design is improved a little bit and we have omitted the website link from the sensor to make it look professional.
Same as the previous version, this PIR has four pins and the details of each of them will be discussed in detail later. Therefore, don’t worry if you have no experience with the sensors in Proteus. Let's discuss the basic introduction of the PIR sensor:
Introduction to PIR Sensor
- A passive infrared sensor or PIR is a motion detector that detects the changes in the infrared light radiating from the bodies.
- When the body moves in the range of the PIR Sensor, the change in the environmental infrared waves is sensed by the PIR.
- In the PIR Sensor, two pyroelectric sensors are placed behind the lens to detect the change in IR level.
- PIR Sensors are called “Passive” because they don’t create any infrared light but are only used to detect it.
- PIR sensors may be digital or analog. In the digital sensor, the output is always in the form of only two conditions ON or OFF (1 or 0) and gives only the detection of motion.
- On the other hand, analog sensors give the degree of motion.
Here are a few of the Embedded Projects in which we have used PIR sensor, you should have a look:
PIR Sensor Pinout
Generally, the real-time PIR sensor has three pins and these are used for different purposes. It is important to connect all of these correctly to get the output. Here is the description of each pin:
- The VCC pin is connected to the positive voltage supply, normally +5V.
- The GND pin is attached to the negative voltage supply.
- The output pin generates the signal only when the motion is detected.
If these pins are set properly, the circuit works fine. The sensor we have designed has a fourth terminal called TestPin. Proteus is the simulation software therefore, it is not possible to provide the motion. TestPin is used to provide the motion by the user.
PIR Senosr Library in Proteus
We know that Proteus does not have a built-in PIR sensor therefore, we have created this library so that you may use it in the circuits. For this, you have to download and install the PIR Sensor library in your proteus software. Here is the download link for the installation, simply download the zip file.
PIR Sensor Library for Proteus V3.0
Adding Proteus Library Files
- Once the library is installed, go to the file location and extract the content.
- Go to the folder named “Proteus Library Files” and open it.
- Here, you will get two files for the library named:
- PIRSensorV3.0TEP.IDX
- PIRSensorV3.0TEP.LIB
- PIRSensorV3.0TEP.HEX
- Copy these files and paste in the Library folder of Proteus software. You will find it at C drive>Programming files>LabCenter Electronics>Proteus Professional>Library.
- If you are facing any difficulty in installing the library, you can see the How to install a new library in Proteus.
The zip file has another folder named “Proteus simulations” where you can find the resources of projects containing simple working of PIR Sensor and PIR Sensor interfaced with Arduino UNO and LCD.
PIR V3.0 in Proteus
Now, open your Proteus software and if was opened already, restart it to index the PIR sensor library with it.
- Click on the “P” button to pick the components.
- Write PIR sensor in the dialogue box, it will show you the options to select. I have downloaded the previous versions as well so I am getting all the options:
- I am choosing all the PIR Sensor V3.0 by clicking on it one after the other. You can choose according to your choice.
- Now, click on the PIR sensor and double-click on the working area Where you want to place the PIR sensor.
- All the types of PIR Sensor V3.0 are the same but the color is different to make them more attractive. I am placing all of these on my working sheet to show you the difference.
Here, you can see it has the minimum text on it and the size is smaller than the previous version so that you may fix it in your large and complex projects without any problem. Now, I am deleting two sensors and will work only on the remaining two.
Providing HEX File for PIR Sensor V3.0
This sensor will not work unless you add the HEX file to it. For this, follow the steps given:
- Double-click the sensor to open the properties panel.
- Here, click on the folder sign. It will prompt you to the folders of your system. You have to provide the path for the PIRSensorV3.0TEP.HEX you have just extracted from the zip file.
PIR Sensor V3.0 Simultion in Proteus
Now, we will design two circuits of PIR sensor V3.0. The first will be simply made with the basic components and the other one will have the Arduino UNO interfaced with the LCD so that we may get the more user-friendly results. Let's hover over your Proteus workspace to make the simple PIR circuit.
Components Required
The following Components are required for setting the PIR sensor.
- PIR sensor
- Inductor
- Capacitor
- Potentiometer
Go to the “Pick library” button type the names of the components one by one and select them.
Setting the PIR Sensor
- Set the inductor and capacitor with the PIR Sensor’s output pin.
- Take a potentiometer and set it with the TestPin.
- Go to the terminal mode and get power and ground terminals. Attach these with the respected elements.
- To check the output, we have to insert an AC voltmeter from the “virtual instrument mode”.
- Connect all the components with the help of connecting wires.
- Now your circuit must look like this:
The real-time PIR sensor does not require the LC circuit but in Proteus, the peak-to-peak values are generated which needs to be converted into RMS values and that's why we used this LC filter.
Interfacing Arduino with PIR Sensor V3.0
Now, if you want to make your project more user-friendly, an LCD is the best option. To link these, I have used the Arduino UNO and through the code, the values of the PIR reading are shown on the LCD. I have interfaced the TEP LCD 20X4 with the Arduino and simply connected the output of PIR with the analog pin of Arduino. The circuit now looks like the following image:
Arduino Code for PIR Sensor
Once your simulation is ready, you have to paste the code into Arduino.exe.Open your software and paste the given code there.
#include
// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins
LiquidCrystal lcd(13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8);
int SensorPin = A0;
void setup() {
// set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
lcd.begin(20, 4);
// Print a message to the LCD.
lcd.setCursor(1,0);
lcd.print("www.TheEngineering");
lcd.setCursor(4,1);
lcd.print("Projects.com");
lcd.setCursor(0,2);
lcd.print("Analog Value: ");
lcd.setCursor(0,3);
lcd.print("Voltage: ");
}
void loop() {
int SensorValue = analogRead(SensorPin);
float SensorVolts = analogRead(SensorPin)*0.0048828125;
lcd.setCursor(14, 2);
lcd.print(SensorValue);
lcd.setCursor(9, 3);
lcd.print(SensorVolts);
lcd.print(" V");
delay(1000);
// sensorValue = analogRead(sensorPin);
// lcd.setCursor(4,2);
// lcd.print(sensorValue);
// delay(1000);
}
The same code is also given in the zip file you have downloaded.
Inserting the HEX File in Proteus
When the code is run on the Arduino.exe, it provides the HEX file in the compilation details. You have to copy the address of the HEX file and insert it into the Arduino in Proteus. For this, follow these steps:
- Verify the code by clicking on the check button. The compilation will start if there are no errors.
- Go to the black compiler window at the lower area of the screen.
- Copy the address of the HEX file.
Go to the Proteus and double-click on the Arduino to open the properties panel. Now paste the path of the HEX file here. The circuit is now ready to work. If you are stuck at this step, you should have a look at How to get Hex File from Arduino.
PIR Sensor V3.0 Results
Now it's time to run the simulation. So hit the Play button and you will see that the output is shown on the screen.
The analog values can be changed through the potentiometer of the testPin. The analog values of the motion sensor along with the voltages are shown on the LCD. I hope your circuit worked the same as mine. If you are facing any type of issue, you can contact us.
LCD Library for Proteus V2.0
Hi learners! I hope you are doing great. Today, I am going to share the second version(V2.0) of the LCD library for Proteus. We have already shared the LCD V1.0 Library on our blog. Along with appreciation, we also get some complaints/suggestions about that library.
So, we have designed a better version of the LCD library by keeping the suggestions in mind.
Version 2.0 has error-free working, better pinout prints, and is identical to the real-world LCD. We have also removed our website link from the LCD. This library includes two alphanumeric LCDs in it i.e. LCD 16x2 and LCD 20x4.
If you don't have any experience with the LCD, no need to worry as we will guide you from scratch. Before installing the LCD, let's first have a look at its brief introduction:
What is Liquid Crystal Display?
- A liquid crystal display or LCD is a flat board of liquid crystals that are sandwiched between polarizers. When the electric field is applied to it, this material rotates according to the polarization and allows the light to pass through it. As a result, the display is shown on the LCD board.
- A simple 16x2 LCD is shown in the below figure:
- The LCD is used in electrical/electronic projects to display sensors' data, statuses, alerts, notifications etc.
- We can interface this LCD with any microcontroller i.e. Arduino, PIC, Atmel, Raspberry Pi, STM32 etc.
- Some of the advantages are low power consumption, durability, and long life.
Let's have a look at the pinout of LCD:
LCD Pinout
Both of these LCDs(16x2 and 20x4) have similar pinouts and a simple basic circuit needs to be designed in order to operate them. There are a total of 16 pins present in LCD used for different purposes. The below table has the complete description of LCD Pinout:
Serial
|
Pin
|
Functionality
|
Description
|
1
|
VSS
|
Ground
|
This pin is connected to the ground terminal of the circuit.
|
2
|
VDD
|
Power Supply
|
It is connected to the positive voltage(+5V) and is responsible for the power supply to all pins.
|
3
|
VEE
|
Voltage Emitter
|
It is used to control the contrast of LCD. it applies the negative voltage and thus controls the electric field of the LCD.
|
4
|
RS
|
Register Select
|
It selects the LCD register. LCD has two registers: an instruction register and a data register.
|
5
|
RW
|
Read or write
|
The read-and-write operation is done through this pin. if set to HIGH then LCD is in reading mode and LOW means it is writing the data.
|
6
|
E
|
Enable
|
Enables the working of LCD. If HIGH then allow the display and if LOW then disable it.
|
7-14
|
D0-D7
|
Data bits (Pins to deal with the data)
|
Data is sent to the LCD in a parallel manner. These pins send this data and out of these, D0 is the least significant and D7 is the most significant.
|
LCD Library For Proteus
The installation of the LCD V2.0 is simple. The first step is to download the library files. I believe you have Proteus installed. So, click the below button to download the Proteus Library zip file.
LCD Library for Proteus V2.0
Adding Proteus Library Files
- Once downloaded, go to the file location and extract content from the zip file.
- Open the folder named "Proteus Library Files" and here you will find two library files in it, named:
- LCDLibraryTEPV2.0.IDX
- LCDLibraryTEPV2.0.LIB
- Simply copy these files in the Library folder of Proteus software. Go to your C drive>Program Files>LabCentre Electronics>Proteus Professional> Library.
- If you are having any difficulty installing the library, you should a look at How to install a new Library in Proteus.
The zip file also contains the project, where we simply connected both the LCDs with Arduino, so that you could check their working. Moreover, code is also present in the file.
LCD V2.0 in Proteus
Once the Library is installed, you need to open your Proteus software. If it's already open, you have to restart it. Now follow the instructions.
- Go to the pick library by clicking on the “P” button.
- In the dialogue box, type "LCD TEP" and you will get the below results:
I have installed both versions therefore, I am getting four options. I will choose the LCD 20X4 V2.0 and LCD 16X2 V2.0.
- I hope you guys will enjoy this new look without the site's link.
Now, let's design an LCD simulation in Proteus:
LCD Simulation in Proteus
Now, let's design a simple LCD simulation, where we will interface it with an Arduino UNO board. We will display our website's link on the LCD. So, let's design the circuit:
Interfacing LCD with Arduino
Go to the pick library and select the following components:
- LCD 20X4
- LCD 16X2
- Arduino
- POT-HG
- Place the Arduino and other components in the working area, as shown in the below image:
- Go to Terminal mode and select the Power & Ground terminal for both LCDs.
- In order to design a neat circuit, I have connected the “Default” terminal with each pin, instead of wires.
- The complete circuit diagram is shown in the below figure:
Now let's design the Arduino code to display data on these LCDs:
Arduino Code for LCD Simulation
Now, open your Arduino software, I hope you have it installed. Paste the below code in it, I have also added this code in the zip file.
#include
// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins
LiquidCrystal lcd(13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8);
void setup() {
// set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
lcd.begin(16, 2);
// Print a message to the LCD.
lcd.setCursor(1,0);
lcd.print("www.TheEngineering");
lcd.setCursor(4,1);
lcd.print("Projects.com");
}
void loop() {
}
Add HEX File in Proteus
The next step is to get the Hex File from Arduino IDE and add in the Proteus. For this, follow these steps:
- Verify the Arduino Code by clicking the "Verify" button and the output pane will give the location to the hex file, as shown in the below figure:
- In the proteus software, double-click on the Arduino board to open its Properties Panel.
- Paste the HEX file in the program file section and press OK.
LCD Simulation Results
- Now, the LCD simulation is ready to run.
- You can see in the code, we have printed the TEP link on the LCD screen.
- Once you play the circuit, the LCDs will display the message, as shown in the below figure:
If you have followed all the steps, I am sure your project will run successfully. I hope it was helpful to you. You must practice it more and try to make different projects. So, that was all for today, will meet you guys in the next tutorial. Take care!!!
Raspberry Pi 2 Library for Proteus
Hello friends, I hope you all are having fun. In today's tutorial, I am going to share a new Proteus library for Raspberry Pi 2. We have already shared the Proteus Libraries of other Raspberry Pi modules i.e. Raspberry Pi 4, 3, Pico etc. and we discussed that these Pi modules won't be able to read the Python code. We have just designed the external appearance of these modules and you can use these Pi modules for circuit designing and project presentations.
We have also added the Arduino firmware in these boards, which is just to provide a bit of interaction with these boards. We have given these boards an unofficial title "Arduino Pi".
So, let's have a look at How to simulate Raspberry Pi in Proteus:
Raspberry Pi 2 Library for Proteus
- First of all, we need to download the Proteus Library zip file of Raspberry Pi 2, by clicking the below button:
Raspberry Pi 2 Library for Proteus
Adding Proteus Library Files
- Extract files from the Proteus Library zip file and open the folder named "Proteus Library Files".
- Here you will find two library files, named:
- RaspberryPi2TEP.IDX
- RaspberryPi2TEP.LIB
- We need to place these files in the Library folder of the Proteus software, normally at C > Program Files > Labcenter Electronics > Proteus 8 > Library.
Note: For a better understanding, you should read How to Add a New Library File in Proteus.
Raspberry Pi 2 in Proteus
- We have successfully added the library files in the last step. So, now is the time to open your Proteus software.
- Open the Components search box by clicking the "P" button in Proteus and here make a search for Raspberry Pi 2.
- If you have added the library correctly, you will get the below result:
- Add it to your project by double-clicking on it.
- Place the Raspberry Pi 2 modules in your Proteus workspace, as shown in the below figure:
Note: Its design is quite similar to that of Raspberry Pi 3, although we added the name to differentiate between the two.
Raspberry Pi 2 Simulation in Proteus
As mentioned above, this Pi board won't be able to read the Python code. So, we have added the Arduino firmware in it to make it a bit more interactive. So, let's blink an LED with this Raspberry Pi 2 module in Proteus:
LED with Raspberry Pi 2
- Before working on the code, let's first design the circuit diagram and as you can see in the below figure, I have connected an LED along with a resistor to Pin # 13 of the Pi board:
- In the properties panel of LED, change the Model Type of LED from analog to digital.
Code for Raspberry Pi 2
- As it has Arduino firmware, so we need to get its hex file.
- So, open Arduino IDE and from Examples, open the LED blink code.
- Compile the code and get its hex file, as shown in the below figure:
Add Hex File in Proteus
- Open the Properties PAnel of Raspberry Pi 2 and here you will find an option "Program File".
- Paste the Hex File location in its text box, as shown in the below figure:
- Click Ok to close the Properties PAnel and now its time to run the Raspberry Pi 2 simulation:
Raspberry Pi 2 Simulation Results
- Click the Play Button in Proteus to run the simulation and if everything goes fine, the LED will start blinking, as shown in the below figure:
So, that was all for today. I hope you have enjoyed these Raspberry Pi simulated modules. IF have any questions, please ask in the comments. Thanks for reading.
Taking a screenshot in Raspberry pi 4
Welcome to the next tutorial of our Raspberry Pi programming course. Our previous tutorial taught us to how to print from a Raspberry pi. We also discussed some libraries to create a print server in our raspberry pi. We will learn how to take screenshots on Raspberry Pi using a few different methods in this lesson. We will also look at how to take snapshots on our Raspberry Pi using SSH remotely.
| Where To Buy? |
|---|
| No. | Components | Distributor | Link To Buy |
| 1 | Breadboard | Amazon | Buy Now |
| 2 | Jumper Wires | Amazon | Buy Now |
| 3 | PIR Sensor | Amazon | Buy Now |
| 4 | Raspberry Pi 4 | Amazon | Buy Now |
Why should you read this article?
This article will assist you when working with projects that require snapshots for documenting your work, sharing, or generating tutorials.
So, let us begin.
Screenshots are said to be the essential items on the internet today. And if you have seen these screenshots in tutorial videos or even used them in regular communication, you're already aware of how effective screenshots can be. They are quickly becoming a key internet currency for more efficient communication. Knowing how and when to utilize the correct ones will help you stand out from the crowd.
Requirements
- Raspberry Pi
- MicroSD Card
- Power Supply
- Ethernet Cable
Taking Screenshots Using Scrot
In this case, we'll employ Scrot, a software program, to help with the PrintScreen procedure. This fantastic software program allows you to take screenshots using commands, shortcut keys, and enabled shortcuts.
Features of Scrot
- We could easily snap screen captures using scrot with no other tasks.
- We could also improve the image quality of screen photos by using the -q option and a level of quality from 1 to 100. The quality level is currently at 75 by default.
- It is straightforward to set up and use.
- We may capture a particular window or even a rectangle portion of the display using the button.
- Capable of retrieving all screen captures in a specific directory and storing all screen captures on a distant Computer or networked server.
- Automatically monitor multiple desktop PCs while the administrator is away and prevent unauthorized behaviors.
Scrot is already installed by default in the latest release of the Raspbian Operating system. In case you already have Scrot, you may skip this installation process. If you're not sure whether it's already installed, use the command below inside a pi Terminal window.
If your Pi returns a "command not found" error, you must install it. Use the following command line to accomplish this:
After installing it, you may test its functionality by using the scrot instruction again. If no errors occur, you are set to go on.
Capturing a snapshot on a Raspberry Pi isn't difficult, especially if Scrot is installed. Here are a handful of options for completing the work.
-
Using a Keyboard Hotkey
If you have the Scrot installed on your Pi successfully, your default hotkey for taking screenshots will be the Print Screen key.
You can try this quickly by pressing the Print Screen button and checking the /home/pi directory. If you find the screenshots taken, your keyboard hotkey (keyboard shortcut) is working correctly.
In addition, screenshots and print screen pictures will be stored with the suffix _scrot attached to the end of their filename. For instance,
-
Using Terminal Window
This is easy as pie! Execute the following command on your Pi to snap a screenshot:
That is all. It is that easy.
Taking a Delayed Screenshot
The following approach will not work unless you have the navigation closed and have to snap a screenshot without the menu. To get a perfect snapshot with no menu, you must wait a few seconds after taking the picture. You may then close your menu and allow the Scrot to initiate the image capture.
To capture in this manner, send the following command to postpone the operation for five seconds.
Other Scrot settings are as follows:
- scrot -b : for taking a window's border.
- scrot -e : To issue a command after taking a snapshot.
- scrot -h : To bring up an additional assistance panel.
- scrot -t : To generate a snapshot thumbnail.
- scrot -u : To take a screenshot of the currently active tab.
- scrot -v : Scrot's most recent version will be displayed.
Changing Screenshot Saving Location
You might need to give the images a unique name and directory on occasion. Add the correct root directory, followed by the individual title and filename extension, exactly after scrot.
For instance, if you prefer to assign the title raspberryexpert to it and store it in the downloads directory, do the following command:
Remember that the extension should always follow the file name .png.
Mapping the Screenshot Command to a Hotkey
If the capture command isn't already mapped as a hotkey, you'll have to map it by altering your Pi's config file, and it'll come in handy.
It would be best if you defined a hotkey inside the lxde-pi-rc.xml script to use it. To proceed, use this syntax to open the script.
We'll briefly demonstrate how to add the snapshot hotkey to the XML script. It would be best to locate the <keyboard> section and put the following lines directly below it.
We will map the scrot function to the snapshot hotkeys on the keyboard by typing the above lines.
Save the script by hitting CTRL X, Yes, and afterward ENTER key when you've successfully added those lines.
Enter the command below to identify the new changes made.
How to Take a Screenshot Remotely over SSH
You may discover that taking snapshots on the raspberry is impractical in some situations. You'll need to use SSH to take the image here.
When dealing with Ssh, you must first activate it, as is customary. You may get more information about this in our previous tutorials.
Log in with the command below after you have enabled SSH:
Now use the command below to snap an image.
If you've previously installed the Scrot, skip line 2.
Using the command below, you can snap as many snapshots as you like using varying names and afterward transferring them over to your desktop:
Remember to change the syntax to reflect the correct username and Ip.
Saving the Screenshot Directly on your Computer
you can snap a screenshot and save it immediately to your Linux PC. However, if you regularly have to take snapshots, inputting the passcode each time you access the Rpi via SSH will be a tedious chore. So you can use publicly or privately keys to configure no passcode ssh in raspberry pi.
To proceed, use the following command to install maim on raspberry pi.
Return to your computer and use the command below to take a snapshot.
We're utilizing the maim instead of other approaches since it's a more elegant method. It sends the image to stdout, allowing us to save it to our laptop via a simple URL redirect.
Taking Screenshots Using Raspi2png
Raspi2png is a screenshot software that you may use to take a screenshot. Use the code below for downloading and installing the scripts.
After that, please place it in the /usr/local/bin directory.
Enter the following command to capture a screenshot.
Ensure to use your actual folder name rather than <directory_name> used.
Taking Screenshots Using GNOME Tool
Because we are using a GUI, this solution is relatively simple and easy to implement.
First, use the following command to download the GNOME Snapshot tool.
After it has been installed, go to the Raspberry navbar, select the menu, select Accessories, and finally, Screenshot.
This opens the GNOME Picture window, where you can find three different taking options, as seen below.
Choose the appropriate capture method and select Capture Image. If you pick the third choice, you will have to use a mouse to choose the location you wish to snip. If you use this option, you will not need a picture editor to resize the snapshot image. The first choice will record the entire screen, while the second will snip the active window.
GNOME gives you two alternatives once you capture a screen. The first is to save the snapshot, and the other is to copy it to the clipboard. So select it based on your requirements.
What are the Different Types of Screenshots to know?
-
Screenshot
It all begins with a simple screenshot. You don't need any additional programs or software to capture a basic screenshot. At this moment, this feature is built into almost all Raspberry Pi versions and Windows, Mac PCs, and cellphones.
-
Screen capture
It is the process of capturing all or a part of the active screen and converting it to a picture or video.
While it may appear the same thing as a screenshot and a screen capture, they are not the same. A screenshot is simply a static picture. A desktop window capture is a process of collecting something on the screen, such as photographs or films.
Assume you wish to save a whole spreadsheet. It's becoming a little more complicated now.
Generally, you would be able to record whatever is on your window. Still, in case you need to snip anything beyond that, such as broad, horizontal spreadsheets or indefinitely lengthy website pages, you'll need to get a screen capture application designed for that purpose. Snagit includes Scrolling snapshot and Panorama Capture capabilities to snap all of the material you need in a single picture rather than stitching together many images.
-
Animated GIF
This is a GIF file containing a moving image. An animated succession of picture frames is exhibited.
While gif Images aren't limited to screen material, they may be a proper (and underappreciated) method to express what's on your display.
Instead of capturing multiple pictures to demonstrate a process to a person, you may create a single animated Version of what is going on on your computer. These animations have small file sizes, and they play automatically, making them quick and simple to publish on websites and in documents.
-
Screencast
This is making a video out of screen material to educate a program or sell a product by displaying functionality.
If you want to go further than a simple snapshot or even gif Animation, they are a good option. If you have ever looked for help with a software program, you have come across a screencast.
They display your screen and generally contain some commentary to make you understand what you are viewing.
Screencasts can range from polished movies used among professional educators to fast recordings showing a coworker how to file a ticket to Information technology. The concept is all the same.
Three reasons Why Screenshot tool is vital at work
-
Communicate Effectively
Using screenshots to communicate removes the guesswork from graphical presentations and saves time.
The snapshot tool is ideal for capturing screenshots of graphical designs, new websites, or social media posts pending approval.
-
Demonstrate to Save Time
This is a must-have tool for anybody working in Information Technology, human resource, or supervisors training new workers. Choose screenshots over lengthy emails, or print screen pictures with instructions. A snapshot may save you a lot of time and improve team communication.
Furthermore, by preserving the snapshot in Screencast-O-Matic, your staff will be able to retrieve your directions at any time via a shareable link.
To avoid confusion, utilize screen captures to show. IT supervisors, for instance, can utilize images to teach their colleagues where to obtain computer upgrades. Take a snapshot of the system icon on your desktop, then use the Screen capture Editor to convert your screen capture into a graphical how-to instruction.
Any image editing tool may be used to improve pictures. You may use the highlighting tool to draw attention to the location of the icons.
-
Problem Solve and Share
Everybody has encountered computer difficulties. However, if you can't articulate exactly what has happened, diagnosing the problem afterward will be challenging. It's simple to capture a snapshot of the issue.
This is useful when talking with customer service representatives. Rather than discussing the issue, email them an image to help them see it. Publish your image immediately to Screencast and obtain a URL to share it. Sharing photos might help you get help quickly.
It can also help customer support personnel and their interactions with users. They may assist consumers more quickly by sending screenshots or photographs to assist them in resolving difficulties.
Snapshots are a simple method for social media administrators to categorize, emphasize, or record a specific moment. Pictures are an easy method to keep track of shifting stats or troublesome followers. It might be challenging to track down subscribers who breach social network regulations. Comments and users are frequently lost in ever-expanding discussions.
Take a snapshot of the problem to document it. Save this image as a file or store it in the screenshots folder of Screencast. Even if people remove their remarks, you will have proof of inappropriate activity.
Conclusion
This tutorial taught us how to take screenshots from a Raspberry Pi using different methods. We also went through how to remotely take snapshots on our Pi using SSH and discussed some of the benefits of using the screenshot tool. However, In the following tutorial, we will learn how to use a raspberry pi as a webserver.
Smart Home Security System using Arduino
Security systems are widely suggested for homes as well as other locations. Everybody wants to take necessary steps to prevent infiltration at home, thus this security is necessary. Intruders nowadays may take advantage of almost any illegal activity and wreak havoc on a property's security. The security of one's home is a critical concern that everyone faces in the current day.
While there are certain devices on the market that may considerably help protect your house, some of them are excessively costly and need constant maintenance. Many devices regarding smart home security systems are available in the market but these are not user friendly according to the budget, the device we designed provides the user with a better interface with the help of LCD. We have used enough sensors that make sure the security protocol.
So in this way, we designed a reasonable security system that has the features of gas and flame detection with the help of MQ-2 Gas Sensor and flame sensor respectively and also have installed a Motion detector sensor known as PIR sensor to detect the intruder's motion. For a better user interface an LCD and Alarm are installed to alert the user. The whole system is programmed using Arduino UNO. A proteus circuit is designed for this project as shown below:
- You can download the complete project i.e. Proteus Simulation and Arduino Code by clicking the below button:
Smart Home Security System using Arduino
Components Required
For the home security system, we have used 3 sensors which are briefly explained as follows:
Flame Sensor
- The flame sensor is used to detect the fire, it has 3 pins (Ground, VCC, OUTPUT) with operational voltages ranging from 3.3V to 5V.
- This sensor may be constructed using an electrical circuit and a receiver similar to that used for electromagnetic radiation.
- This sensor employs the infrared flame flash technology, which enables it to operate through a layer of oil, dust, water vapor etc.
- There are several wavelengths of flame sensors normally in the range of 700 to 1100 nm from the source.
- Normally flame sensors have an operating temperature ranging from -25? ~ 85? with several features like adjustable sensitivity, fast response time and ease to use.
- Proteus doesn't have a Flame Sensor in its database, so you need to download this Flame Sensor Library for Proteus.
PIR Sensor
- PIR Sensor is used to detect the intruder’s motion.
- There are mainly two kinds of infrared sensors one is active and the other is passive.
- The active infrared sensor emits as well as absorbs the infrared radiations whereas the passive infrared sensor simply absorbs not emit.
- When an object enters or escapes the sensor's range, a passive infrared sensor is employed to detect it.
- For adjusting the sensitivity and delay time, there are two trim pots supplied. You may alter them to meet your requirements.
- The sensor produces a HIGH output when it senses movement within its range; otherwise, it generates a LOW output.
- PIR also has 3 pins like a Flame sensor.
- It has operating voltages of range 5V - 20V with output voltage generation of 0V-3V when the object is detected in the sensing range that is 7 meters.
- Proteus doesn't have a PIR Sensor in its database, so you need to download this PIR Sensor Library for Proteus.
MQ-2 Gas Sensor
- MQ2 gas sensors detect the presence of gases such as LPG, methane, ethanol and carbon monoxide in the air ranging up to 10000 ppm using electricity.
- It is also known as chemiresistor for the MQ2 gas sensor.
- The resistance of the sensing material changes depending on the amount of gas present.
- When it comes to detecting gas, sensors use variations in resistance value that generates the output voltage.
- When a sensor material is heated to a high temperature in the air, oxygen is adsorbed on the surface.
- Because current can flow via the sensor, its analog voltage values may now be read.
- The voltage values reported here may be used to compute the concentration of a gas. When the gas concentration is high, the voltage values are greater.
- Proteus doesn't have a Gass Sensor in its database, so you need to download this Gas Sensor Library for Proteus.
Arduino UNO
- Atmel's ATMega328 is used in the Arduino Uno, an open-source single-board microcontroller.
- Either an external power source or a 5V USB connection may be used to power the device.
- In all, there are 14 digital input/output pins on the board, with 6 of them serving as PWM outputs.
- On the board, you'll find a reset button and six analog input pins. The Arduino software is used to program the board, which is written in C language.
- When it came to controlling the home security system, the Arduino Uno's capabilities were found to be sufficient.
- Arduino Boards are not present in Proteus, so we need to use this Arduino Library for Proteus.
Circuit Designing
- This whole project is designed to provide a security system for the home in which multiple safety sensors can be installed with a Buzzer and LCD for a better user interface.
- We won't design this project in real, instead, we are going to design its Proteus simulation.
- If you are working on an electronics/embedded project, then it's always a best practice to design its simulation first.
- In simulations, it's easy to debug your code and thus you can program quickly.
- Once you are satisfied with your project's working, you can move forward to hardware designing.
So, let's design our Proteus Simulation for Smart Home Security System:
Proteus Simulation
- These are the components, which we are going to use for designing our Proteus Simulation:
- So, select these components from Proteus Components Library and place them in your workspace, as shown in the below figure:
- Next, we need to connect these components' pins to complete our circuit, as shown in the below figure:
- As you can see in the above simulation, we have used three sensors in total, which we have discussed above.
So, now we are going to design the Arduino Code for this simulation:
Arduino Programming Code
We have designed the circuit in our Proteus Simulation and next, we need to design its Arduino Code, in order to make it work.
LCD Initialization Code
- First of all, we are going to interface LCD with Arduino UNO and will display the Project's name on the screen.
- The code is shown in the below figure:
- As you can see in the above figure, we have first initialized the variables.
- Arduino board is programmed using Arduino IDE software which has mainly 2 sections void setup and void loop.
- Before void setup, we have to declare the pins of sensors and actuators that we are using in our project.
- Depending on the nature of sensors (analog or digital) the pins of sensors are connected to Arduino UNO accordingly.
- #define is used to declare the pins of Gas, PIR, FIRE and BUZZER.
- Initially, all the sensors have zero value that is stored by an integer variable.
- In the void setup section, input and output sensors are defined.
- GAS, PIR, and FIRE sensors are employed as input sensors to detect and activate the BUZZER, which is an output component.
- LCD 20×4 is used and lcd.begin is used to initiate the LCD.
- lcd.setCursor is used to cursor position on LCD and the name of the project is displayed on LCD Screen using lcd.print command.
- Now, let's run our simulation to check the results, shown in the figure below:
Sensors Interfacing with Arduino
- In Arduino IDE code execution, void setup runs once while the void loop executes again and again.
- analogRead and digitalRead commands are used to read the value of analog and digital sensors respectively, while analogWrite and digitalWrite commands are used for sending commands or data.
- As shown in the above figure, first, we have read the sensors' data and if all sensors are in LOW state, then have displayed the message "You are safe".
- Let's run the code to check the output:
- As you can see in the above figure, all sensors are at a LOW state and thus LCD is displaying the safe message.
- Next, we have added the if loop for the case where all sensors are giving HIGH value:
- The rest of the code has similar if loops for various conditions of sensors.
- You can download the complete code and Proteus Simulation from the link, given at the start of this tutorial.
- Now, let's run our final simulation and test the sensors and if everything goes fine, you will get results as shown in the below figure:
Future Recommendations
It deters the crime and notifies the user about the gas or fire problem. Home security systems are mostly utilized for safety reasons in residences, businesses, and educational facilities. Another option is to use a mobile device or the internet to send data to a remote location. Other modules, such as a wind sensor or a fire sensor, might be added to the system in the future. Voice alarm modules may also alert you to an intruder or a gas leak if you use them. We can increase the number of sensors to make it better. We can use the latest technology of the Internet of Things that makes our system wireless. A growing number of devices and goods are being connected to the Internet, which is referred to as the Internet of Things by the phrase. We can use the Internet of Things to produce a low-cost security system for residential and industrial applications that is especially useful for home security. When the door is opened or an unauthorized entry is detected, the system will send an alert to the owner. The user may take action after getting the notification. ESP8266 Wi-Fi module will connect to and interact with the Internet, while an Arduino Uno microcontroller keeps track of the system's status, as well as a magnetic Reed sensor for sounding the alarm. The principal advantages of this system are ease of installation, low costs, and low maintenance requirements.
So, that was all for today. I hope you have enjoyed today's project. If you have any questions, ask in the comments. Thanks for reading. Take care !!! :)
Home Security System using Arduino UNO in Proteus
Hello friends, I hope you all are doing well. In today's tutorial, we are going to design a Home Security System using Arduino UNO in Proteus software. It's the most commonly designed engineering project, especially in electrical, electronics and mechatronics engineering. Normally engineering students design it as a semester project during their engineering course.
So, today we will design a home security system from scratch in Proteus software. I have given the complete project below to download but I would suggest you to design it on your own so that you could understand it better. So, let's get started:
Home Security System: Project Description
- Before going into the detail, let's first download the complete Proteus Simulation with Arduino Code, by clicking the below button:
Home Security System using Arduino UNO in Proteus
Let me first give you a detailed project description i.e. what we actually want to design? We want to build a Home Security Project, which should follow these security protocols:
- Fire alarm: It should be able to detect the fire and sound an alarm to alert everyone at home.
- Smoke alarm: It should detect the gas(smoke) and turn on the alarm(if detected).
The above-mentioned security protocols will be followed 24/7. Moreover, there will be two security modes in the project, named:
- Secure Mode.
- Normal Mode.
Let's have a look at both of these modes, one by one:
1. Secure Mode
- This mode should be selected, when owners want to completely secure their home i.e. they are leaving home or while sleeping at night.
- If the Secure Mode is selected, the project should follow the following security protocols:
- Intruder Detection Alarm: It should detect the presence of any human being in the occupied premises.
- Windows Security Alarm: If someone tries to break through the windows, the project should sound an alarm.
- Door Security Alarm: If any intruder tries to break through the main door, it should again sound the alarm to alert everyone.
2. Normal Mode
- This mode should be selected, when owners are at home and just want to take the basic security measures.
- In this mode, only the Fire Alarm & Gas Alarm will work, while all other alarms will remain on standby.
Other Features
- There should be an LCD, to display values of all parameters.
- It should have a buzzer to generate an alarm, in case of emergency.
- There should a Push Button to make switches between these security modes.
Here's the final simulation, which we are going to design in today's lecture:
So, these are our requirements, which we want to achieve in this Home Security Project. Now let's have a look at the components selected for this project:
Home Security System: Components Selected
Now let's have a look at the list of components, which I have selected for this Home Security Project. I will also briefly explain the purpose of using each component.
1. Arduino UNO
- As clearly it's an Embedded Systems Project, so first of all we need to select a Microcontroller for our project.
- As I have mentioned earlier, we will use the Arduino UNO Microcontroller board for designing this project.
- Arduino UNO will act as the brain of the project and will control all sensors and modules.
2. Flame Sensor:
- A flame sensor is used to detects the presence of fire.
- The sensor basically consists of a photo-diode that detects the Infrared rays that emit from the fire. When it detects a fire, its output goes HIGH.
3. Gas Sensor (MQ-6)
- MQ-6 Gas Sensor is used to detect the concentration of gases in the environment.
- The sensor produces a potential difference proportional to the concentration of the particular gases.
- The type of gas that it detects depends upon the material used in the sensor.
- There are many gas sensors available in the market i.e. MQ-2, MQ-3, MQ-4 etc.
- These sensors are available as ready-made modules for easy interfacing with the microcontroller.
4. PIR Sensor(HC-SR501)
- HC-SR501 PIR sensor is used to detect any human being(intruder) in the Secure Mode.
- It detects the IR radiations from the human movement & generates a pulse on its output.
- The time period of the pulse could be varied by using the potentiometer on the sensor.
5. Vibration sensor(SW-420)
- The SW-420 vibration sensor is used to detect any forced entry through windows.
- In Secure Mode, if someone tries to open the window, the sensor will detect vibrations and will send a HIGH signal to the microcontroller.
6. Infrared Sensor
- An infrared sensor will be placed at the door and someone tried to enter through that door, the sensor will detect it.
- It consists of an IR transmitter and a photo-diode that are placed close to each other.
- If any object movement occurs in front of the sensor, the IR rays hit the object and return back with a particular angle called incident angle.
- This pulls the comparator output to ground or logic LOW.
7. LCD 20x4
- LCD 20x4 will be used for displaying the values of all these sensors.
- It will also display useful information i.e. which mode is selected.
8. Buzzer
- A small 5V Buzzer is used to sound the alarm.
9. LM7805
- LM7805 is a voltage regulator and is used to convert voltage from 12V to 5V.
- Power sources(i.e. battery, adapter etc.) available are normally 12V, as it has become a standard.
- Moreover, many components also operate at 12V like a buzzer or DC motor.
- While microcontrollers and sensors work on 5V, so in Embedded projects, it's quite necessary to design a voltage regulator from 12V to 5V and in some cases 3.3V.
- I normally prefer LM7805 for converting voltage from 12V to 5V.
10. Resistances(1kohm)
- We need to use a few resistances of 1kohm.
11. Small LED
- We will also use a small LED for power indication.
12. Capacitors(100uF)
- We will also use few capacitors of 100uF, as it removes any noise/ripples.
So, these are the components, we are going to use for designing Home Security System. Now let's get started with designing the Proteus Simulation:
Proteus Simulation of Home Security System
As I have told you earlier, I am going to use Proteus software for designing this project. Proteus is an excellent simulation tool, where we will not only design the circuit of this project but will also test its output. I always design my programming algorithms on simulations as working on real hardware is too time-consuming. You should remove all your programming bugs in simulation and once confirmed then design your project in real hardware. So, let's start:
Install Proteus Libraries
- Arduino boards & sensors' modules are not available in the Proteus components list.
- So, first of all, we need to install these Proteus libraries:
- Adding these libraries is quite simple, you just need to place their files in the library folder of Proteus software.
- If you got any issues, then read this guide on How to add a Library in Proteus 8.
Once you added all the libraries, now open your Proteus software.
Designing Circuit Diagram in Proteus
- Now we need to design a circuit for our project, so select these components from Proteus Components Search Box.
- First of all, let's design the voltage regulator circuit using LM7805, which will be simply converting the voltage from 12V to 5V.
- As you can see in the above figure, I have used 12V Battery, while the output of LM7805 is showing 5V and I have also placed an LED for power indication.
LCD Interfacing with Arduino:
- Next, we need to interface 20x4 LCD with Arduino UNO, so design the circuit as shown in the below figure:
Next, we need to interface five sensors with Arduino UNO, so let's add them to our Proteus simulation:
Sensors Interfacing with Arduino:
- These are simple digital & analog sensors and are all powered up at 5V.
- So, simply connect them as shown in the below figure:
- The Flame Sensor is connected to pin A0 of Arduino UNO.
- Gas Sensor is connected to pin A1 of Arduino UNO.
- PIR Sensor is connected to pin A2 of Arduino UNO.
- The Vibration Sensor is connected to pin A3 of Arduino UNO.
- The Infrared Sensor is connected to pin A4 of Arduino UNO.
For simulation, ensure all hex files are uploaded to each sensor for proper working. You can upload the source code hex file to the Arduino, by pressing Ctrl+E or by right click --> Edit properties.
Buzzer & Push Button:
- Finally, we need to add the Buzzer to sound the alarm in emergency cases, I have connected it to Pin A5 of Arduino UNO.
- I have also connected a push-button for switching the modes, connected to Pin 7 of Arduino UNO, as shown in the below figure:
- Here's the image of the complete Proteus Simulation for Home Security System:
Now let's design the Arduino programming code for Home Security Project:
Arduino Code for Home Security System
In the previous section, we have designed the Proteus simulation of the project, now let's design its Arduino Code to make it alive. Let's get started:
Initialization LCD Arduino Code
- First of all, we need to define all our variables, as you can see in the code shown in the right figure.
- I have included the Liquid Crystal Library, which is used to operate LCD.
- Next, I have defined all my sensors to the respective pins and then initialized boolean variables for storing the output of sensors.
- In the Setup loop, I have made the sensors' pins input pullup using the pinMode Arduino command.
- Finally, displayed an initialization message on the LCD screen i.e. "Home Security System using Arduino UNO By TEP".
- The message will display for around 1 second and then LCD will be cleared and the SensorDisplay function will be called, which will simply write sensors' names on the LCD screen.
- Now compile your code and add the hex file in Arduino UNO and run your PRoteus simulation.
- If everything goes fine, you will get results as shown in the below figure:
So far, we have just displayed the sensor's names, now let's read the sensors' data in the loop section:
Reading Sensors' Data
- In the loop section, first of all, we need to read the sensors' data using the digitalRead command, as shown in the code.
- After reading the sensor's data, I have called the SensorValues function, in which I have placed a check on each sensor's value and updated it on LCD.
- It's quite straightforward code, if the sensor is giving HIGH output, I am displaying Yes on LCD and if it's LOW, I am simply printing No.
- We haven't yet defined the modes, so the project will keep on reading the sensors and will display their respective value in the LCD.
- As you can see in the below figure, if the TestPin of the sensor is HIGH, its respective value on LCD is showing "Yes" and if it's LOW then "No" is written.
- Now, if you change any sensor's value, its respective value on LCD will be updated.
So, we have successfully interfaced our sensors with Arduino UNO and now it's time to add operational modes to our project.
Two Operational Modes
- As I mentioned earlier, we need to add two operational modes in our project, and the push button will be used for conversion from one mode to another.
- So, I have simply added an If loop in my code, as shown in the figure on the right side.
- In normal mode, I have simply displayed the name of the mode at the first line of LCD.
- While in secure mode, I am checking if either of the sensors goes HIGH, simply turn ON the Buzzer.
- Although, you won't be able to hear the Buzzer sound in the below figure, but you can see Buzzer's Pin is HIGH because two of the sensors are giving a response. Check the video for Buzzer working.
- We normally need to use an optocoupler or relay driver in between the buzzer and microcontroller as buzzers normally operate at 12V, but 5V buzzers are also available.
- Here's the complete Arduino Code:
/*
* All rights reserved to TEP www.TheEngineeringProjects.com
*/
#include
const int rs = 12, en = 11, d4 = 5, d5 = 4, d6 = 3, d7 = 2;
LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);
#define Flame A0
#define Gas A1
#define Pir A2
#define Vib A3
#define Ir A4
#define Buzzer A5
#define Switch 7
boolean Fire, Smoke, Intruder, Window, Door;
boolean Mode = false;
void setup() {
pinMode(Flame,INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(Gas,INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(Pir,INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(Vib,INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(Ir,INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(Switch,INPUT_PULLUP);
pinMode(Buzzer,OUTPUT);
lcd.begin(20,4);
pinMode(Buzzer, OUTPUT);
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("HOME SECURITY SYSTEM");
lcd.setCursor(0,2);
lcd.print(" USING ARDUINO UNO ");
lcd.setCursor(7,3);
lcd.print("By TEP ");
//delay(700);
lcd.clear();
SensorDisplay();
}
void loop()
{
Fire = digitalRead(Flame);
Smoke = digitalRead(Gas);
Intruder = digitalRead(Pir);
Window = digitalRead(Vib);
Door = digitalRead(Ir);
Mode = digitalRead(Switch);
SensorValues();
if(Mode==false) // Normal mode
{
lcd.setCursor(4,0);
lcd.print("Normal Mode");
}
else // Secure Mode
{
lcd.setCursor(4,0);
lcd.print("Secure Mode");
if((Fire == HIGH) || (Smoke == HIGH) || (Intruder == HIGH) || (Window == HIGH) || (Door == HIGH)){
digitalWrite(Buzzer, HIGH);
}else{
digitalWrite(Buzzer, LOW);
}
}
}
void SensorDisplay()
{
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Fire:");
lcd.setCursor(10,1);
lcd.print("Smoke:");
lcd.setCursor(0,2);
lcd.print("Door:");
lcd.setCursor(10,2);
lcd.print("Window:");
lcd.setCursor(0,3);
lcd.print("Intruder:");
}
void SensorValues()
{
if(Fire == true){ lcd.setCursor(6,1); lcd.print("Yes");}
else{ lcd.setCursor(6,1); lcd.print("No ");}
if(Smoke == true){lcd.setCursor(17,1); lcd.print("Yes");}
else{lcd.setCursor(17,1); lcd.print("No ");}
if(Intruder == true){lcd.setCursor(11,3); lcd.print("Yes");}
else{lcd.setCursor(11,3); lcd.print("No ");}
if(Window == true){lcd.setCursor(17,2); lcd.print("Yes");}
else{lcd.setCursor(17,2); lcd.print("No ");}
if(Door == true){lcd.setCursor(6,2); lcd.print("Yes");}
else{lcd.setCursor(6,2); lcd.print("No ");}
}
Future Scope of Home Security System
- Embedded has taken over the whole world because of its user-friendliness and low cost.
- Instead of hiring security guards(which is quite expensive), now smart homes in modern societies are equipped with such home security systems.
- Modern Home Security systems are even linked with local police or security agencies for emergency help.
- Moreover, these security systems are not bound to homes only, nowadays offices, banks, shopping malls etc. are all equipped with such smart security systems.
Future Work on Home Security System
- Today, we have designed a very simple Home Security System, where we interfaced few sensors and have only placed a Buzzer.
- We will continue this project and will add smart features to it.
- Let's have a look at few features, which we can add to this project:
- We can interface the GSM module to send messages, in case of emergency.
- We can add more sensors i.e. ultrasonic sensors, different types of Gas sensors in it.
- We can also improve our code by using interrupts instead of polling.
- We can also add a camera for facial recognition.
- To improve the security, we can add a keypad and only authorized persons will have the access to enter.
- The fingerprint sensor can also be used for identification purposes.
So, that was all for today. I hope you guys have enjoyed today's project. If you have any questions/queries, please ask in the comments and I will try my best to resolve them asap. Thanks for reading, take care. Bye :)
Smart Blind Stick using Arduino in Proteus
Buy This Project
Hello everyone, I hope you all are doing great. Today, I am going to share a new Project which is
Smart Blind Stick using Arduino in Proteus ISIS. I have designed its complete Simulation which I am gonna share today. We have designed this Proteus simulation off Smart Blind Stick after quite a lot of effort that's why its not free. We have placed a small amount on it and you can buy it from our shop via PayPal. You need to click on above button in order to buy this project's code and Simulation. If you have any problem in understanding this project, then you can ask in comments and I will try my best to resolve your issues.
Smart Blind Stick project is designed quite a lot in engineering universities. That's why, I thought of sharing this simulation. Although its a Proteus Simulation but if you wanna design it on hardware then this code will work perfectly fine as I have tested it on hardware. If you got into any trouble in running this simulation then you can also send me message via Contact Form and I will surely help you out. So, let's get started with Smart Blind Stick using Arduino in Proteus ISIS:
Smart Blind Stick using Arduino in Proteus
- In this Smart Blind Stick, I have used:
- Three Ultrasonic Sensors are placed in Front, Left and Right Directions.
- Ultrasonic Sensors on blind stick are used for detection of any hurdle or intruder in the passage of blind person.
- Once it detects the hurdle, then the buzzer will go ON and alert the blind person.
- Similarly I have also placed a PIR sensor which is detecting the presence of any other person, so when you place it on the blind stick then make sure that it is placed on front side so that it won't detect the blind person.
- Although blind persons can't read the values on LCd but still I have placed an LCD just to display all the values.
- I have used Arduino Pro Mini because its smaller in size and can easily be placed on a blind
- Here's a screenshot of Smart Blind Stick using Arduino in Proteus ISIS:
- Because the simulation was big in size that's why these sensors are looking so small, you need to zoom in to get all the details.
- It's got lengthy because I have designed a stick in Proteus and I have placed all the sensors on that stick except PIR sensor because that was quite big.
- It's looking quite cool because of the stick simulation. :)
- Here's a screen shot of zoomed in Ultrasonic Sensors:
- Now when you buy this Project, then you will get all these Library files in the folder along with complete Arduino code and Proteus Simulation.
- I have also designed a video which is given at the end of this tutorial, if you wanna buy this project, then must watch that video as I have shown the working of this Proteus Simulation in that video.
- Now, Get the Hex File from Arduino Softwre and upload it in the Arduino Pro Mini.
- Once you are done, run your Proteus Simulation of Smart Blind Stick and if everything goes fine then you will get the first screen as shown in below figure:
- This first screen is displaying the name of Project as well as our website in LCD.
- After 5 sec, it will change and will start displaying sensors' values, as shown in below figure:
- You can see in above figure that LCD is displaying values of all ultrasonic sensors, along with the Motion detection.
- Because PIR Sensor's TestPin is HIGH that's why its showing that Motion Detected and at this time the buzzer is also ON, which you can't hear in the image. :P
- Here's a detailed video, in which I have shown the functionality of this Smart Blind Stick Proteus Simulation:
If you want to buy this project then, you must first watch this video, so that you got the idea of what you are buying. That's all for today. I hope you have enjoyed this Smart Blind Stick. Till next tutorial, take care and have fun !!! :)
PIR Sensor Arduino Interfacing
Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I am going to provide the detailed discussion on
PIR Sensor Arduino Interfacing. PIR basically stands for Passive Infrared Sensor. Basically PIR is an electronic equipment which is often used to measure the infrared light radiating from the different objects in their field of view. It detects the infrared energy released from animals as well as from human beings, when this energy is higher than the certain threshold level PIR sensor shows an indication correspondingly. The energy detected by PIR sensor is usually in the form of heat i.e. emitted by humans as well as from animals.
We can also test and verify our results in Proteus using PIR sensor. I have already shared
PIR Sensor Library for Proteus. PIR sensor is most of the time used for sensing the motion of the different objects. It can sense the different objects up to 10 meters. It has three different pins. Each pin is assigned with the different task to be performed when the sensor is in working condition. PIR sensor has several different features like wide voltage supply ranges, automated induction, photosensitive control, low micro-power consumption, high output signal and many more. PIR (Passive Infra Red) sensor is most of the time used in security systems. Moreover, it can be used in OEM applications, automatic illuminating devices, building detection, building automation, alarm & security systems and at a lot more places in real life. The further detail about PIR Sensor Arduino Interfacing will be given later in this tutorial.
PIR Sensor Arduino Interfacing
PIR sensor stands for Passive Infra Red sensors. As it is clear from its name that PIR is an electronic device or sensor used to measure the infrared energy emitted by animals and human beings. This energy is emitted in the form of heat. When this energy is above the certain level, there is algorithm to show an an indication that the desired level has be reached. This tutorial is based on PIR interfacing with Arduino. PIR sensor is shown in the figure below along all of its pin names.
1. PIR Sensor Pins
- PIR sensor has three pins voltage, output and ground respectively.
- All of the pins are provided in the table shown in the figure given below.
2. PIR Sensor Pins Description
- Each pin has different task to perform while the sensor is in working condition.
- PIR sensor pin descriptions are listed in the table shown in the figure below.
3. PIR Working Principle
- PIR sensor has two different slot which are sensitive to infrared light/energy.
- When the sensor is in normal condition, both of the slots measure the same amount of infrared energy radiated by walls etc.
- When a warm body e.g animals and human beings crosses its coverage area, they first cross PIR sensors's first slot, which produces positive differential change between two slots.
- When an animal or human being leave from the sensing area, a corresponding negative differential change is produced.
- By detecting these types of changes PIR sensor can detect the motion of different objects which radiates infrared energy.
- I have tried to elaborate the PIR working principle through some visuals shown in the figure given below.
- I have also provided the visuals about how PIR sensor generates an output signal after sensing different objects/
- PIR sensor object sensing is given in the figure shown below.
4. PIR Sensor Schematic Diagram
- To understand the internal structure of any electronic device, we must have a look at its schematic diagram.
- PIR sensor schematic diagram is shown in the figure given below.
5. Apparatus Required
A list of apparatus required for PIR interfacing with Arduino is given below.
- PIR (Passive Infra Red) Sensor
- Arduino (Microcontroller)
- Jumper wires
6. PIR Interfacing with Arduino Wiring Diagram
- I have already shared a brief article on Interfacing PIR sensor with Arduino.
- Now, this is a detailed article about the similar topic.
- I have provided wiring diagram for PIR interfacing with Arduino.
- You can make the similar wiring diagram and can test and verify your results as well.
- PIR Sensor Arduino Interfacing wiring diagram is shown in the figure given below.
7. PIR Sensor Arduino Interfacing Source Code and Description
- If you have never use Arduino software for programming then you should first go through How to Write Arduino Code.
- I have provided the complete source code for PIR interfacing with Arduino.
- You just need to copy and paste the entire code and upload it to your Arduino board and observe the results.
- You can also made the same simulation on Proteus as well and can verify the results.
- In case of Proteus simulation you must need to know about How to get Hex File from Arduino.
int LED = 13;
int inputPin = 2;
int PIR_STATE = LOW;
int VALUE = 0;
void setup() {
pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop(){
VALUE = digitalRead(inputPin);
if (VALUE == HIGH) {
digitalWrite(LED, HIGH);
if (PIR_STATE == LOW) {
// we have just turned on
Serial.println("Motion has been detected!");
PIR_STATE = HIGH;
}
} else {
digitalWrite(LED, LOW);
if (PIR_STATE == HIGH){
// we have just turned of
Serial.println("Motion has been stopped!");
PIR_STATE = LOW;
}
}
}
- I have initialized the LED pin, PIR state pin and the pin and a variable for reading sensor's data.
- Then I have checked whether the detected value from the sensor is above or below the certain level.
- Then I have decide to be print the certain values on Serial Monitor.
- If it is above the certain level a message "Motion has been detected" will be displayed on the serial monitor through Serial Communication.
- If the detected value is below the certain level then the message "Motion has been stopped" will be displayed on the serial monitor in Arduino software.
- So, that was the brief description of the source code designed for PIR interfacing with Arduino.
- You can download the complete wiring diagram along with the complete Arduino source code here by clicking on the button below.
8. PIR Sensor Interfacing with Arduino Actual Circuit Diagram
- I have also provided the actual circuit diagram for PIR interfacing with Arduino.
- Actual circuit diagram is shown in the figure given below.
9. PIR Sensor Ratings
- To know the power, current and voltage requirements of an electronic device can be known through its ratings.
- PIR sensor ratings are listed in the table given in the figure shown below.
10. PIR Sensor Features
- A device can be popular on the basis of its amazing and unique features, which make it different from other devices.
- PIR sensor some of the main features are listed in the table given in the figure shown below.
11. PIR Sensor Applications
- PIR sensor has several different real applications.
- Some of common applications associated with PIR sensor are provided in the table shown in the figure given below.
- I have provided a circuit designed for security alarm system, which is its most common application.
- The complete circuit design for security alarm system is given in the figure shown below.
- PIR sensor's another application is making a timer circuit using PIR.
- I have provided timer circuit using PIR sensor, shown in the figure given below.
- Another most common application of PIR sensor is the motion detection.
- Motion detection circuit diagram using PIR sensor is shown in the figure given below.
12. PIR Sensor Advantages
- There are a lot of advantages associated with Passive Infrared Sensor, few of them are given below.
13. PIR Sensor Disadvantages
- Infrared sensors also have some disadvantages but they are in a very small as compared to its disadvantage.
- Infrared sensor disadvantage are listed in the table given in the figure shown below.
The tutorial
PIR Sensor Arduino Interfacing has provided the detailed discussion about the interfacing of PIR sensor with Arduino. If you feel any problem in PIR Sensor Arduino Interfacing, you can ask me in comments anytime. I will try me level best to entertain you and to solve your problems. I will share further informative topic in my later tutorials. Till then take care and bye :)
GSM Based Home Security System
Hello friends, I hope you all are fine and having fun with your lives. Today, I am going to share a complete project named as GSM Based Home Security System. I have designed its complete working simulation in Proteus and have used different libraries which you can also download from our blog. In the previous post, I have posted Home Automation Project using XBee & Arduino and today we are gonna work on Home Security System.
We have designed this simulation after a lot of efforts that's why we have placed a very small amount of $50 on it so that engineering students can download it and get knowledge from it. Moreover, as its a complex project so when you buy it then there's a chance that you can't run it by yourself so we also offer a free service. If you got into any trouble while running this simulation then use our Contact Form we will help you out personally within 24 hours.
GSM based Home Security System
- You can buy this complete project by clicking the below button:
Buy This Project
- When you will click the above button, you will be taken to the sale page for this project and you can buy this project using PayPal.
- When you buy it you will get the complete code along with working Proteus simulation.
- So, let's have an overview of this GSM Based Home Security System.
- This GSM based Home Security System contains seven sensors which will be installed theoretically in your home. :)
- These seven sensors are:
- PIR Sensor: For Motion Detection.
- Smoke Sensor: For Smoke Detection.
- Flame Sensor: For Fire Detection.
- Vibration Sensor for Window: For Detection of vibrations on Window.
- Vibration Sensor for Door: For Detection of vibrations on Door.
- Ultrasonic Sensor for Window: For intruder Detection on Window.
- Ultrasonic Sensor for Door: For intruder Detection on Door.
- When we are talking about security then we have to take care of door and windows.
- That's why I have placed two sensors on each of them. If someone tries to break the window then the vibration sensor will sense it and if someone tries to open the window then ultrasonic sensor will detect it.
- The same will happen for the door.
- So, whenever any of these seven sensors will get activated then the buzzer will go on and at the same time the user will receive a warning message.
- Moreover, I have also placed an LCD which will display the sensors' condition.
- Here's the Proteus Simulation for this GSM based Home Security System:
- You can see in the above figure that I have used all these seven sensors mentioned above.
- Moreover, I have used the GSM module, you can read more about it on GSM Library for Proteus.
- Moreover, we have the Power circuit and the Buzzer Driver Circuit at the bottom.
- Arduino UNO acting as the brain of this GSM Based Home Security System.
- Now, let's run this simulation and if everything goes fine then you will get something as shown in below figure:
- First of all, the system will configure the GSM module and then it will display two screens on LCD side by side.
- First LCD screen is shown in below figure:
- The first screen will show the status of first three sensors.
- Now here's the screenshot of second screen showing the status for next four sensors:
- That's how this project is working, now when any of these sensors got HIGH then buzzer will go ON and a message will be sent to the given number:
- Now, you can see when I click the Smoke Sensor HIGH, it got detected immediately and a warning message is sent to my number.
- I have explained this GSM based Home Security System in detail in the below video:
So, that's all for today. I hope you guys have enjoyed this awesome project. Before buying it, you must read it completely and also watch the video so that you are sure about what you are buying.
Interfacing PIR sensor with Arduino
Hello friends, i hope you all are fine and enjoying. Today i am going to share a new project tutorial which is Interfacing PIR sensor with Arduino. First of all lets, have a little introduction about the basics and working of the PIR sensor. PIR sensors are in fact a Passive Infrared Sensor. PIR sensors are actually electronic sensors and they are used for motion detection. They are also used to detect the Infrared waves emitting from a particular object. You should also have a look at PIR Sensor Library for Proteus, using this library now you can easily simulate your PIR Sensor in Proteus software.
PIR sensors are widely used in motion detection projects now a days. Since my today's tutorial is about interfacing of PIR sensor with Arduino micro controller. Before going to that it is necessary that we should first understand the construction and working principle of PIR sensor. So i am going to divide my tutorial into different blocks and i will describe PIR sensor from its construction to practical applications. So first of all, lets see the construction and operating principle of PIR sensor.
Construction of PIR sensor
The construction of PIR sensor is very simple and easy to understand. In the bottom or you can say in the core of the PIR sensor we have a set of sensors which are made of pyro-electric materials. The properties of this material is that when this material is exposed to heat then, it generates energy. Different methods are used to to measure this energy generated by PIR sensor. On the top of the PIR sensor and above the internal sensors we have a small screen through which infrared radiations enters into sensor. When these radiations falls on the pyro-electric material then it generates energy. Generally the size of this sensor is very small and it is available in the form of thin film in market. Many other materials are also used in collaboration with pyro-electric material like galliam nitrite and cesium nitrate and all these materials take the form of an small integrated circuit.
Operating Principle of PIR sensor
The modern studies in the field of quantum physics tells us the fact each and every object when it is placed at a temperature above absolute zero, emits some energy in the form of heat and this heat energy is in fact the form of infrared radiations. So an other question comes into mind that why our eyes can't see these waves? It is because that these waves have infrared wavelengths and his wavelength is invisible to human eyes. if you want to detect these waves then, you have to design a proper electronic circuit.
If you see closely the name of PIR sensor which is Passive Infrared Sensor. Passive elements are those elements that don't generate their own voltages or energy. They just only measures things. So we can say that this sensor is a passive infrared sensor and it doesn't generate anything by itself. It is only capable to measure the rediations emitted by other objects around it. It measures those raditions and do some desired calculations on them.
Interfacing of PIR Sensor with Arduino
PIR sensor have total 3 pins. The configuration of each pin is shown in the image given below:
- Pin#1 is of supply pin and it is used to connect +5 DC voltages.
- Pin#2 is of output pin and this pin is used to collect the output signal which is collected by PIR sensor.
- Pin#3 is marked as GND pin. This pin is used to provide ground to internal circuit of PIR sensor.
This whole configuration is also shown in the image given below:
The pin configuration of a PIR sensor is shown in the image given above. Since we have to interface the PIR sensor with Arduino micro controller. The image showing the interfacing of PIR sensor with Arduino is shown below as:
Interfacing Code
The code for interfacing Arduino micro controller with PIR sensor is given below as:
#define pirPin 2
int calibrationTime = 30;
long unsigned int lowIn;
long unsigned int pause = 5000;
boolean lockLow = true;
boolean takeLowTime;
int PIRValue = 0;
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(pirPin, INPUT);
}
void loop()
{
PIRSensor();
}
void PIRSensor()
{
if(digitalRead(pirPin) == HIGH)
{
if(lockLow)
{
PIRValue = 1;
lockLow = false;
Serial.println("Motion detected.");
delay(50);
}
takeLowTime = true;
}
if(digitalRead(pirPin) == LOW)
{
if(takeLowTime){lowIn = millis();takeLowTime = false;}
if(!lockLow && millis() - lowIn > pause)
{
PIRValue = 0;
lockLow = true;
Serial.println("Motion ended.");
delay(50);
}
}
}
Applications of PIR sensor
PIR sensors possess a no of applications and due to their low cost and much advanced features they are the main focus of different projects being made now a days. Some of their features and practical applications are listed below as:
- They are able to sense the detection of people and other objects.
- PIR sensors are also used in automatic lightening systems. In these type of systems, when a person comes in the vicinity of the sensor then, the lights are automatically turned ON.
- They are used in outdoor lightening systems and also in some lift lobbies. You may have observed that when a person comes in front of the lift and if the doors are being closed then, the doors are opened again. This is all due to PIR sensors.
- They are widely used in underground car parking system. At every parking position a PIR sensor is installed and when that position is vacant then, a green light glows over that place which means you can park here. And if that position has been occupied then, a red light will glow, representing that this position is already occupied.
- PIR sensor is much compatible sensor and it has the ability to detect a particular motion and the output of this system is very sensitive and doesn't have any kind of noise in it.
Alright friends, that was all from today's post. If you have any questions, fell free to ask. Till next tutorial Take Care!!! :)
