The Engineering Projects

12V to 220V Step Up Inverter using transformer in Proteus

Hey learners! Welcome to another exciting electrical experiment in Proteus. At the present day, we'll perform the inversion of voltage. For this purpose, we will use the implementation of Transformer as Step-up Transformer. Prior to start, let's have the basic information about the 12V to 220V Step up inverter using Transformer in Proteus. In this tutorial, we'll learn:

1. What is a 12V to 220V inverter?
2. What is the function of the transformer in the 12V to 220V inverter?
3. How can we implement the Step up inverter using a Transformer in Proteus?
4. What are some applications of the 12V to 220V inverter?

Moreover, there will be some useful pieces of information in DID YOU KNOW sections.;

12V to 220V inverter

In electronic appliances, the circuitry is designed so, that the appliance can work in a specific range of Voltage, Frequency and power etc. If these quantities are not supplied using these parameters, then the Appliance does not work ideally. For example, if the given voltage to a bulb is less than its voltage range it may be lightened dim. or if the voltage is given more than the range of the bulb, the circuitry of the bulb may be damaged or even it may burst. In such a case, the invertors are used that inverts the voltage (or other electrical quantities according to type) into the suitable range is used. Therefore, the 12V to 220V inverter can be defined as:

"An invertor is the electrical circuit that converts the 12V Direct current into 220V Alternating current and alters supplied voltage range into required range."

By using the 12V to 220V inverter the electrical or electronic circuits, we can use the electrical circuits that work on the 220V even when the supply from the source is 12V.

DID YOU KNOW??????????????

"The Inverters play a life saving role in the appliances that have a sensitive circuit to voltage and current. Even the High voltage more than the range of the device can burn the circuit so badly that it may require to change the whole circuitry or the motherboard of the device."

 

Working of 12V to 220V invertor

in the process of 12V to 220V inversion, three major process takes place:

1. Supply
2. Conversion
3. Transformation

We use simple circuitry to perform each task. Based upon the functionality, we use three devices in the circuit of 12V to 220V inverter. These are:

1. Battery
2. Transistor
3. Transformer

Role of Battery in 12V to 220V Transformer

It is obvious that every circuit requires some sort of energy to perform the required function. In 12V to 220V Inverter, we use a 12V battery that will be supplied to whole components. The 12V battery performs the "Supply" process in the 12V to 220V Inverter.

Role of Transistor in 12V to 220V Inverter

The process of conversion of direct current into alternating current requires a mechanism that allows just the positive side of the sinusoidal wave of the Alternating current to pass through it and hence one can get only one side of the output wave of current. In the case of low and medium applications, power Transistors are used. The reason behind this logic is, the Transistors:

• are Less in cost.
• have low output Impedance.
• Allow most of the power to pass through it.

We know that the Transistor work as a switch. the two type regions of the characteristic graph of the Transistor are used in this experiment. Saturation region: In this region the transistor is biased. The collector-Emitter and the Collector-base junctions are forward biased. The collector has the minimum voltage and the collector current is maximum. Cut-off Region: In this region, the Transistor does not allow the current to pass through it.

Role of Transformer in 12V to 220V Inverter

The Transformer is the mechanical device used o transform the voltages from its input to its output. It has two sides that have coils around them. In our experiment, we use the Step-up Transformer that is introduced as:

"The type of Transformer that is used to convert the low voltage and high current supplied to its input to the high voltage and low current at its output is called the step up Transformer."

Hence the voltage from the Transistor that is rectified and has the direction only on one side is fed at its input. The Transformer transforms the low voltage into the high voltage. In this way, we get a high voltage. The ability of the transform to amplify the voltage depends upon the number of turns of the coil on its terminals.

DID YOU KNOW???

"If you get a transformer that have the same mechanical structure but it has the numbers of turns in primary coil grater than the secondary coil then it is called the step down Transformer. "

Implementation of 12V to 220V inverter using Transformer

At the present moment, we'll use all our concepts given above to design the circuit for the 12V to 220V Inverter. Just follow the simple steps given next.

• Power up your Proteus circuit.
• Choose the material given below.

Material Required

1. 3WATT68R (This resistor works at the 68R resistance automatically.)
2. Battery
3. Lamp
4. MJ-2925
5. Trans-2P3S (Step-up Transformer)

• Click at the components one after the other and arrange the components one after the other at the working area.
• Left-click at the Battery and choose "Rotate 180 degree".
• The screen should look like this:

• Change the values of some of the components by following the table given next:

Devices	Values
Battery	12V
Bulb	240V
Bulb Resistance	100k
Transformer Primary Inductance	100H
Transformer Total Secondary Inductance	1.1H

 

• Connect the elements with the help of the diagram given below:

• Simulate the circuit by clicking at "Play" button given on the lower-left corner of the screen.

You will observe that the bulb is light although it is set as a 220V device and the supplied voltage is just 12V.

Applications of 12V to 220V Inverter using Transformer

1. To charge the small batteries of vehicles such as cars.
2. Low power Alternating Current Motors.
3. Solar Power system.
4. Uninterrupted Power Supplies (UPS).
5. Reaction power controllers.
6. Adapted power Filters.

Adjustable speed Alternating Current Motor Drivers. Consequently, we saw about an electrical circuit today that converts the 12V from its input to 220V at its output using the Transformer. This experiment has many interesting applications. Stay with us for more experiments.

Pulse Width Modulation using 555 Timer in Proteus

Hello Engineers! Welcome to the board. We hope you are having a good day. In this tutorial, we teach you about Pulse Width Modulation. We'll discuss some important points about the topic. Let's have a look at the Topics of the tutorial:

1. What is Pulse Width Modulation?
2. What is 555 Timer?
3. how does 555 Timer is used in the Pulse Width modulation circuit?
4. How do we design the circuit of Pulse Width Modulation in Proteus ISIS?

In addition, you will have some useful information bout Pulse Width Modulator in DID YOU KNOW section.

Where To Buy?
No.	Components	Distributor	Link To Buy
1	555 Timer	Amazon	Buy Now
2	LEDs	Amazon	Buy Now
3	Resistor	Amazon	Buy Now

Pulse Width Modulation

Pulse width Modulation is a useful technique in the world of Modern Electronics. Let's have a look at the information about Pulse Width Modulation.

Abbreviation of Pulse Width Modulation

The Abbreviation of the Pulse Width Modulation technique is PWM.

Definition of Pulse Width Modulation

We define the pulse Width Modulation as:

"The Pulse Width Modulation is the technique  in the electronics to control the power given to the analogue devices through which the average power delivered by the electrical signal is reduced due to division of the signals into discrete parts."

The Pulse Width Modulation is important to the inertial load devices such as motors because in these devices the change is slow due to their inertial ability and the Pulse Width Modulator has enough time to control the device.

Example of PWM

We know that in the bulb that we use in our daily life, the AC Power changes its direction from positive to negative cycle and vise versa. The frequency through which the cycle change decides the brightness of the bulb. Consider the example of the circuit in which the LED is connected to the power. The Power connection lightens the LED. When the switch between the power source and the bulb is close, the power is transmitted to the bulb and the brightness is observed. The opening and the closing of the switch can be controlled through the Pulse Width Modulation. The more is the duty cycle of the Pulse width, the more rapidly it opens and closes the switch and hence the brightness of the bulb is more and vise versa. hence we can conclude that by controlling the pulse width we are controlling the opening and closing of the switch and through which we are controlling the brightness of the bulb.  

DID YOU KNOW????????????

"The Pulse Width Modulation technique is also called as the Pulse Duration Modulation or PDM. It is because this technique works with the duration of the cycle of the circuit. "

555 Timer in Pulse Width Modulation

Prior to start the work of 555 Timer in Pulse Width Modulator, we must clear some important concepts about the 555 Timer device. Let's have a glance on the points.

Definition of 555 Timer

The 555 Timer was termed as the SE NE555 Timers. Another Type of the 555 Timer is SE555 Timer. These were first invented by "Signetic Corporation" . We define the 555 Timer as:

"The 555 Timer is an 8 pin Integrated Circuit that generates accurate timing pulse. The designing of the 555 timer is done by collectively arranging the electrical and electronic components such as resistors, transistors, diodes and Flip Flops."

These are monolithic Timing circuits that are designed to provide stable time delay and oscillations. These are highly reliable and low in cost.

Pin out of 555 Timer

There are 8 pins of 555 Timer and each pin has its own function and operation. For the best concept, we have designed a table for each pin given below:

Pin Number	Pin Name	Description
1	Ground	This pin is labeled as GND and used to supply the 0 voltage.
2	Trigger	When the Time interval starts, the output remains low when this pin is high and vise versa.
3	Output	This is the output pin.
4	Reset	This pin overrides the Trigger pin and that overrides the Threshold. It is connected with Vcc if not used.
5	Control	It controls the Pulse Width and the level of threshold and Trigger.
6	Threshold	Hen the voltage is applied at this pin, it acts in the contrast to the voltage.
7	Discharge	This pin is an open-collector output. During the intervals, this pin is used to discharge the capacitor.
8	Supply	This is the power supply pin. The input of power is taken against the Ground pin.

DID YOU KNWO???????????

"We use the counter instrument in the Proteus to count the Pulse Width Modulation of the circuit using 555 Timer."

Implementation of PWM using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS

To implement the Pulse Width Modulation using 555 Timer, we are using the simulation in Proteus ISIS. To Implement the 555 Timer PWM  just follow the simple steps given next:

• Fire up your Proteus Software.
• Choose the following components:

1. 555 Timer
2. 1N4148 Diode
3. 3005P-1-502 Variable Resistor
4. DC Power Supply
5. Resistor
6. Counter
7. Oscilloscope

• Fix first five components from the "Pick Library" at the working area.
• Change the values of Resistor, Capacitors and variable Resistors according to the table given below:

  Component	Values
  Resistor	1k ohm
  Variable Resistor	50k ohm
  Capacitor 1	10nf
  Capacitor?	1uF
  DC Power source	10V

   

• Go to Terminal mode>Ground and set it at the end of the circuit.
• Connect the components through the connecting wires according to the image given next:

• To get the counting of the output, go to virtual Instrument Mode and choose the counter.
• Go to Virtual instrument Mode and select the Oscilloscope.
• Connect the counter with any terminal of the Oscilloscope.
• Join both the instruments with pin 3 of 555 Timer.

• Pop the play button and simulate the circuit.
• Change the values of voltages and the frequency according to need.
• We observe that the Oscilloscope shows us the width as:

Thus, Today we saw what is the pule Width Modulation, learned some important concepts about the 555 Timer, got some important concepts about Pulse Width Modulation using the 555 Timer and saw the simulation by the mean of Proteus ISIS. If you found it useful, give us your important feedback in the comment section.

Metal Detector using 555 Timer in Proteus

Hello Pupils! I welcome you to the board. I hope you are fine. In today's tutorial, we will design a project Metal Detector using 555 Timer in Proteus ISIS. All of us perceive the situations when at the public places such as on airports or in shopping malls where sharp metallic objects such as a knife or illegal guns or even a nail cutter are not allowed, there are walkthrough gates at every entrance so that any person with the forbidden material when passes through the gate, the alarming buzzer automatically switched on. This happened because the walkthrough gates have the Metal Detector circuit in them that works immediately when such a situation occurs. In this session, we'll learn:

1. What are Metal Detectors?
2. How does the 555 Timer collaborate with the circuit of Metal Detector?
3. How does the circuit of the 555 Timer Metal Detector works?
4. How can we implement the circuit of 555 Timer Metal Detector in Proteus?

In addition, you will also have some useful pieces of information in DID YOU KNOW Sections.

Where To Buy?
No.	Components	Distributor	Link To Buy
1	555 Timer	Amazon	Buy Now
2	LEDs	Amazon	Buy Now
3	Resistor	Amazon	Buy Now

NE555 Timer Metal Detectors

Metal Detectors became the one of the necessary devices for many public Places either it is park or bank, airport or any supermarket. It is because they play a vital role in the maintenance of security. Most of the metal detectors We define the Metal Detector as:

"The Metal detectors are the specialized NE555 Timer gadgets that detect the presence of the metals when the metals enters in the range of Metal Detector Circuits."

The NE555 Timer Metal Detectors does not only have the application i the field of security but they are also used in a variety of situations. The NE555 Timer Metal Detector can be categorized into three basic Families:

1. Very Low Frequency Detectors.
2. Pulse Induction Detectors.
3. Metal Detectors for specific Purpose.

DID YOU KNOW??????????????????????

"1960 was the year in which the 1st Metal Detector was established using simple devices in industrial and Mineral Prospecting. "

There are many kinds of NE555 Timer Metal Detectors that are used for different operations some of them are listed below:

1. Diagnostic Purposes.
2. Detecting myriad of foreign objects.
3. Finding the presence of bullets.
4. Detecting the intraocular metallic fragments.
5. Finding Swallowed coins.

Working of NE555 Timer Metal Detector

When we talk about the working of the NE555 Timer Metal Detector, we must have a clear idea about the following concepts:

1. Inductance
2. NE555 Timer operational system

Inductance in NE555 Timer Metal Detector

Let's recall the idea of Inductance that we are learning from our physics class:

"The Inductance, in electromagnetism and electronics, is the ability of a conductor of electricity to negate the change in the electric current that is flowing through it. This flow of electric current produces a magnetic field around that electrical conductor."

In the NE555 Timer Metal Detector circuit, we use an inductor that senses the presence of the Metal near to it. More close a Metal Detector to it, the more electric field lines are produced and hence the speaker gives the sound more loudly indicating the distance between the NE555 Timer Metal Detector and the metal's distance. We denote the Inductance through "L". Hence the formula to find the Inductance through any Conductor can be find through: Inductance= Magnetic Flux of Current/Current.

DID YOU KNOW ???

"There are some Metal Detectors that are used to find the treasure or ancient metals underground. They are so powerful that they can detect the Metal many feet away.  Thus, many people have a life changing search due to these useful instruments."

NE555 Timer

NE555 Timers belongs to the Family of 555 Timers Integrated Circuits. These are highly utilitarian circuits that are considered as one of the most used Integrated Circuits in the world of Electronics. We introduce the NE555 Timer as:

"NE555 Timer Circuit is the widely used Integrated Circuit having 8 pins and used to have the output that have a uniform pulses that can be set according to need."

The 555 Timers are used to have a variety of pulses that depends upon the arrangement of the devices connected to their Pins. There are three kinds of NE555 Timer modes:

1. Monostable Mode.
2. Astable Mode.
3. Bistable Mode.

Operations in the NE555 Timer Metal Detector Circuit

• When we examine the Circuit of NE555 Timer Metal Detector, we find these operations:
• The power of all the components is the Direct current that is provided by the battery.
• This power enters the NE555 Timer circuit that produces the uniform Timer-based Pulse at its output pin.
• This Pulse enters the resistor that controls the flow of current through the main Metal Detector circuit.
• The Resistor passes this current to the Inductor. The Inductance of the inductor is the basic criteria of distance measurement.
• As in Proteus, it is not possible to show the Movement of a Metal, so the value of the inductance represents the number of electric field lines around the NE555 Timer Metal Detector circuit. More is the Inductance, more numbers of lines passing through the inductor and hence it is assumed that metal is more near to the circuit. 
• The DC current then passes through the speaker according to the strength of the electric field lines and hence we found the faint or hard sound.

[PostWiidget4]

Circuit design of 555 Timer Metal Detector in Proteus

• Power up your Proteus Software.
• Choose the following components from the Pick Library button "P".

Components Required

1. NE555 Timer
2. Inductor
3. Capacitor
4. Resistor
5. Speaker

• Take all the Components from the left section and arrange all of them on working screen according to the diagram given below:

 

• Now, Change the values of some of the components one after the other by double clicking the components.
• Inductor= 150mH, Capacitor 1=2.2uF,Capacitor 2=2.2uF,Capacitor 3 10uF, Resistor= 47k Ohm, Battery=9V.
•  Connect the circuit components with the help of connecting wire so our circuit look like this:

• As soon as the Circuit is simulated by hitting the Play button, the user sense a sound or buzzer from the circuit.
• If you heard it then cool, otherwise look at your circuit once again.

Task

Change the value of inductor to 300micro Farad and more to hear the louder sound.

Hence today, we saw what are NE555 Timer Metal Detector, How do they are classified, how does the circuit of 555 Metal detector works and how can we design its circuit using simple devices in Proteus ISIS. Stay with us for more projects.

Police Siren Project using 555 Timer in Proteus

Hey Geeks! Welcome to The Engineering Projects. We hope you are having a reproductive day. We know that sirens are the special sounds that are the symbol that something unusual is occurring or about to occur. You may have experienced the Siren of the Walkthrough Gates at the airport when a person having the knife or other forbidden material pass through it. Or you have heard the Siren of the ambulance and seen that all the traffic gives the way to the ambulance when they hear the special Siren of the Ambulance. The same is the case with the police Siren. The Police sirens are the special sound and it is set with the help of 555 Timer Integrated Circuit. You will learn how can one design a Police siren using the 555 Timer circuit in this tutorial. Let's have a quick list of the topics that will be clear in our tutorial.

1. What is the 555 Timer Police Siren?
2. What are the 555 Timer and its modes?
3. How does the circuit of 555 Timer police Timer Circuit works?
4. How can you design the circuit of 555 Timer Police Siren in Proteus?

Where To Buy?
No.	Components	Distributor	Link To Buy
1	555 Timer	Amazon	Buy Now
2	LEDs	Amazon	Buy Now
3	Resistor	Amazon	Buy Now

555 Timer Police Siren

The Police Siren we have seen many times in real life as well as in Television shows and Movies are made of the special arrangement of the 555 Timer. The Siren has a loud voice that can be heard at a distance of many feet. This Project has a very simple yet amazing arrangement of some basic electronic devices. The heart of Police Siren is the 555 Timer integrated circuit. In the police siren, two 555 timers are used. This is a Multi-functional chip that is widely used in different types of the industrial as well as household applications. If we look at the configuration of 555 Timer Integrated Circuit then we can generate a table just as shown next:

Pin Number	Attachments
1	Ground
2	Trigger
3	Output
4	Reset
5	Control
6	Threshold
7	Discharge
8	Vcc

Technically, The 555 Timer works in 3 modes:

• Monostable Mode
• Astable Mode
• Multistable Mode

Monostable Multivibrator Mode in 555 Timer

This mode of the 555 Timer contains a single stable state that can be used to get only one single output pulse of a specific width that may be high or low by applying an external trigger pulse. In this circuit, the 555 Timer uses only one resistor but two capacitors.

Astable Mode in 555 Timer

As the name shows, the Astable mode does not have any stable state. The Astable mode of 555 Timer has 2 quasi-steady states that change from one state to another one after the other. In this way, the 555 Timer in this state, alters the output from high to low and vise versa after the time settled by the user. It uses two capacitors and two resistors connected with the specific pins in a specific manner.

Bistable Mode of 555 Timer

In this mode of 555 Timer, the pins are connected with two resistors, one capacitor and two switches. The switches turn the state of 555 Timer to high and low and thus we obtained the high and low output waves at a time.

Working of the 555 Timer Police Siren

The working of the 555 Timer Police Siren starts from the Direct Current power supply that is supplied to pins 8 of the 555 Timer.

1. Both of these 555 Timers are in the Astable mode that means their pulse output changes continuously.
2. The 555 Timer at the left produces a pulse that is fed into the right 555 Timer as an input.
3. The values of Resistors control the width of the pulses.
4. The capacitors connected with the 555 Timers charge and discharge without any interval.
5.  At the end, this DC power supply enters the speaker with a continuously varying pulses of the current and produces a special sound.
6. If you want to change the output voice, you can change the values of Resistors and capacitors.

Circuit design of 555 Timer Police Siren in Proteus

To design this circuit, simply follow these step given next as it is.

• Start the Proteus Software.
• Choose the required devices from the pick library by clicking the "P" button and writing the names of the devices.

Required Components fpr 555 Timer Police Siren:

1. NE555 Timer (We'll use 2 ICs)
2. Diode
3. Resistor
4. Direct current power supply
5. Speaker
6. Capacitor

• Get the 555 Timer from the library and arrange it at the working area.
• Repeat the step above.
• Choose Resistor, capacitor, Diode and speaker and arrange them on the screen.
• Change the alignment of 4 resistors and diode by left click on screen> Rotate Clockwise and set the whole circuit as shown in the figure:
• Go to Generation Mode>DC and fix it at above the working area.

DID YOU KNOW ???

"If you have the Proteus 8 software, then you can have a real time Siren sound by choosing the Speaker and a piano symbol with it."

• Label the Components by double-clicking it because Proteus throws an error for the duplicate devices.
• Double click the components mentioned below and change their values according to the table given next:

Device	Value
R2	68k Ohm
R3	68K Ohm
R4	8.2K Ohm
R5	8.2K Ohm
C1	100uF
C2	100nF
C3	0.01uF
C4	10uF
Vcc	4V

 

• Go to Terminal Mode>Ground and Set the Ground terminal just below the circuit.

•  Join the 555 Timer's pins with the components as described above in the 555 Timer section.

• Pop the Play button and simulate the circuit.

Task

Now, change the values of capacitor and resistor in different sequence to have the different voices as an output.

Have you heard the siren? If yes then cool. Yet, if no, then look at the circuit deeply and fix the mistake. Truss, today we saw that what is the Police Siren, how does the 555 Timer circuit works, what is the working mechanism of the 555 Timer Police Siren, how does we design the circuit of 555 Timer Police Siren in the Proteus. If you found it useful, give us feedback. If you faced any difficulty, share with us i the comment section. Stay with us with more Proteus Projects.

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Digital Counter using 4026 IC in Proteus ISIS.

Hello Mentees! Welcome to the board. We hope you are doing great. We are working on another interesting yet easy Project in the Proteus ISIS and that is Digital Counter using 4026 IC in the Proteus. Counters are used in thousands of electronic experiments as well as in our daily life. Who is not5 familiar with Digital Watches and calculators. At the same token, the counters are used in the digital display microwave ovens and many household appliances as well. In this session you will find the answers to the following questions:

1. What is 4026 IC?
2. What are Digital counters using 4026 IC?
3. How does Digital Counter using 4026 IC works?
4. How does we design the circuit of the Digital Counter circuit using 4026 IC in Proteus ISIS?
5. How can you convert this Circuit from 1 digit counter to many Digit Counter using 4026 IC?

In addition, you will also have some interesting chunks of information about the topic in DID YOU KNOW sections.

What is 4026 IC in Digital Counters

Integrated Circuits play a vital role in the field of circuits and electronics. These are the combination of different fundamental devices in very specific yet functional ways. The 4026 belongs to the family of the Integrated Circuits in the series of 4000. The 4026 IC is introduced as:

"The 4026 is CMOS seven Segment counter  integrated Circuit that is the designed in decade Based and counts in the decimal digits and consist of total 16 pins." 

The output of the 4026 digital counter is usually fed into a 7 segment display Light Emitting Diode that shows the counter output of the 4026 IC Counter. Being an IC, the pins of the 4026 Digital counter IC are very specific. By looking at the block diagram of 4026 IC Counter, we can generate a table that shows us the proper configuration of the 4026 IC.

Pin Number	Pin Name	Description of the Pin
1	Clock (CLK)	With each positive clock Pulse, it increments the counter.
2	CI (Clock Inhibit)	It is the Active high. When high, the counter freezes. When low, the clock pulse increments 7 segments.
3	DE (Display Enable)	Chip will ON when this is high and vise versa.
4	DEO (Display Enable Out)	Chaining 4026s.
5	CO (Carry Out)	It completes a single cycle after every 10 clock input cycles. It is used to change the clock manner of 1 counter into a multi counter.
6	F	This Pin is connected to ‘f’ of the 7 segment.
7	G	This pin is connected to ‘g’ of the 7 segment.
8	VSS	It is the Ground PIN
9	D	It is Connected to ‘d’ of the 7 segment.
10	A	It connects with the  ‘a’ Pin of the 7 segment.
11	E	It Connects the ‘e’ of the 7 segment with it.
12	B	It Connects to the  ‘b’ of the 7 segment.
13	C	It is Connected to ‘c’ of the 7 segment.
14	UCS ( Un-gated C-Segment)	It is an output for the seven-segment's C input that is not affected by the input of  DE . When the count is 2, it is high.
15	RST (Reset)	Reset the counter to 0 when HIGH. Hence it is Active High.
16	VDD	Power supply PIN

In out experiment, we'll set all these pins according to our requirements to get the desired output. but some of the points here are pending to discuss. You may noticed the functioning of 6, 7, 9 to 13 pins of 4026 IC Counter. Let's have a look what does we mean by the description.

Seven Segment Display with 4026 IC Counter

This is the electronic device that is used to show the output of the counters such as 4026 IC. We define the Seven Segment Display as:

"The Seven Segment Display is a collection of 8 Light Emitting Diodes in a rectangular fashion that is an output device used to display the outcomes of different counters." 

For the convenience of connections, each LED of the Seven Segment Display is named i alphabetically and hence each pin of Seven Segment Display is connected with pins of 4026 IC Counter. 

Working of 4026 IC Digital Counter

1. The Simulation of the circuit starts with the pulse generation at the Clock Pulse. These Pulses enters the BC547 MOSFET that regulates the pulses.
2. The LED Connected to the BC547 MOSFET blink and we get the idea about the speed of the Pulse Generation.
3. The Pulse enters the 4026 IC Counter and the counter Passes these pulses to the seven segment Display device.
4. Each pulse from the 4026 IC power ups the respected LED of the seven segment display in a specific manner that we always get the digit as a result.
5. The power is then Grounded connected to the seven segment display terminal.
6. The output can be reset to the initial state with the button. This button is connected to the reset terminal of 4026 IC.

DID YOU KNOW ???

"You may skip the part of MOSFET and LED in the circuit but in some cases, when the error of the pulse occure, it may be difficult to examine whether the Pulses speed is low or there is another issue with the circuit."

Circuit Design of Digital Counter using 4026 IC in Proteus

• Fire up your Proteus Software.
• Choose the first five devices given next from the Pick Library.

Material Required:

1. Seven Segment Cathod LED
2. Resistors
3. 4026 IC Counter
4. MOSFET BC547
5. Button
6. Clock Pulse
7. Led
8. Ground Terminal
9. Power Terminal

• Arrange the material taken from the Pick Library at the working screen with the help of following image:

• Go to generation mode and choose "Clock Pulse" then arrange it just after the left most resistor at the screen.
• Go to Terminal Mode and get  "Power" terminal. You will use three Power Terminals.
• Attach power Terminal with pin 3 of 4026 IC Counter, with the MOSFET.
• Get a ground terminal from terminal mode and attach it with the lower pin of seven segment display.

Repeat the above step for the pin 2 of the 4026 IC Counter.Tip of circuit

"Why don't you try different colors of the seven Segment Display from the Proteus Pick Library of your choice? You have to change the names of the components by double clicking it and changing the label because Proteus does not recognize the components with the same names and through an error."

• Change the values of the Components by double tapping them with the cursor.

Component	Value
Resistor 1 to 8	220 Ohms
Resistor 9	10k
Frequency of Clock Pulse	1 Hz

• Connect all the components with the help of connecting wires. Be careful with connection and follow the image below:

• Hit the play button to simulate the circuit.

Two Digit Counter using 4026 IC

If you want to make a two Digit counter, simply select the 4026 IC and Seven Segment Display>left click>click "block copy".

• Paste this block at the screen.
• Manage both the Seven Segment Displays side by side.
• Change the names of the Resistors and  4026 IC to resist the duplication.
• Connect the Pin 5 of 1st 4026 IC with the Pin 1 of the 2nd 4026 IC.
• Connect Pin 15 of 2nd 4026 IC with the button given above.
• Pop the Play button again and observe the result.

Result

1. When the Frequency of the Clock Pulse is 1. The Digital counter 4026 IC shows us the value from zero to one in normal speed.
2. Clicking the button resets the 4026 IC Digital Counter to the initial value, i.e, zero and starts the cycle.
3. Changing the value of clock pulse to 10 will increase the digits changing the speed of the seven segment Display output.
4. In two digits 4024 IC Counter, we can count the values till 99.
5. One can make the 3, 4 and so on digit counter using the same method.

Consequently, we learned an Interesting Circuit today, we saw what are the 4026 IC counter and with the combination of Seven Segment display and Transistor , how can we design a Digital counter circuit in the Proteus. Stay connected for other interesting circuits on The Engineering Projects.