Hello friends, I hope you’re all well and healthy. In today’s tutorial, we will be going through a simple, yet effective practice to design a 4-way traffic light simulation in Proteus software. This project is designed for undergrad engineering students with majors in electronics, electrical and mechatronics engineering. It is also useful for people that want to learn the basics of circuit design and Arduino programming. 4-Way Traffic Light Control using Arduino: Traffic lights are an integral part of the world’s transportation systems. Over the years a number of different algorithms regarding traffic lights have been developed. The algorithm being used at any place for the purpose of controlling traffic takes into account of various factors, such as number of lanes, people that cross a ce ...
Hello everyone, I hope you all are doing great. Today, we are going to share the 9th chapter in the PCB learning series, where we will have a look at the difference between Through-hole and Surface-mount technology. In our previous lectures, we studied both THT and SMT methods separately and have seen that both are used for components mounting on the PCB board. So, today, we will have a look at the difference between the two techniques. So, let's get started without wasting any time. Through-Hole vs Surface-Mount Let us know have a look at these differences and get to know the way forward when it comes to the process of component selection whether SMT or DIP. Definition - THT vs SMT THT stands for through-hole technology. In Through-hole technology, components are mounted by the use of hol ...
Greetings and welcome to today’s lecture. It's our 7th tutorial in the PCB learning series. In our previous lectures, we have studied the two main types of PCB i.e. Single-sided and Double-sided PCB. Today is going to be a very interesting and interactive class about Through Hole Technology(THT) , which is applied in the process of designing printed circuit boards. A PCB board has a properly designed circuit on it and it's composed of connecting traces/paths and various electronic components. The electronic components are mounted on the board in two different ways i.e. Through-hole and Surface-mount. We will cover Surface-mount in our next lecture and today, we will discuss how to mount components on PCB boards using though-hole technology. So, let's get started with Through-hole technolog ...
Hello readers, hope you all are doing great. In this tutorial, we are going to discuss a mechanism that allows users to update the ESP32 with a new program wirelessly or over the air (without using a USB cable to upload a new program). Over-The-Air (OTA) programming Fig. 1 ESP32 OTA OTA programming is the mean by which a product manufacturer or product service provider can update the features or functionality of the device wirelessly or over the air, after the device has been deployed in the field where connecting a cable or uploading the code serially is difficult. One key advantage of OTA is that a single central node can send an update to multiple ESPs on the same network. The device must have a provisioning client capable of receiving, processing, and setting parameters in order to rec ...
Hello everyone, Welcome to our new project. Our new project plays a very important role in our daily life as it is directly connected to our lives. In this project, we are going to design an Accident Detection module. Accidents are the most common thing we hear about in the news, and in social media. Everyone here or there has seen accidents or has been with one. So when any such incidents happen, we inform respective stations or hospitals in that emergency situation. But what about the accidents that happen at night, or in places where there is very less crowd or you are alone. So, to address this issue and provide a potential solution for that, we are going to learn how to detect an accident automatically and inform nearby aid/help stations. We can use this useful project for an engineer ...
Hello readers, hope you all are doing great. In this tutorial, we will discuss low power modes in ESP32, their purpose and their implementation to increase the battery life by reducing power consumption. Purpose of Low Power Modes Fig.1 Along with multiple wireless and processing features, ESP32 also provides us with a power-saving feature by offering sleep modes. When you are powering the ESP32 module from the live supply using an adaptor or a USB cable, there is nothing to worry about power consumption. But when you are using a battery, as a power source to ESP32, you need to manage the power consumption for longer battery life. Low Power Modes in ESP32 When ESP32 is in sleep mode, a small amount of power is required to maintain the state of ESP32 in RAM (random access memory) and retain ...
Hello readers, I hope you all are doing great. Welcome to the 3rd Lecture of Section 2 in the ESP32 Programming Series. In this tutorial, we are going to discuss another important feature of ESP32 i.e. PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) . Pulse Width Modulation is a technique to reduce the voltage by pulsating it. In today's lecture, we will first understand the basic concept of PWM, and after that will design two projects to fully grasp it. In the first project, we will control the brightness of an LED, while in the second one, we will control the speed of a DC Motor. Here's the video demonstration of PWM Control in ESP32: Before going forward, let's first have a look at the PWM working: What is Pulse Width Modulation? PWM is used to control the power delivered to the load by pulsating the ON-Ti ...
Hello friends, I hope you all are doing great. In today's tutorial, we will have a look at the 5 Ways to Prevent Your Car from Being Stolen. Every year over 720,000 motor vehicles are stolen , according to the official site of the United States government. Thieves have gotten savvy, using technology and new methods to make stealing cars easier than ever. It is crucial to take steps to protect your vehicle from being stolen. Here are five ways to do just that: Install a Security System A good security system includes an alarm, immobilizer, and battery backup if you lose power to your car for any reason. It should have a remote lock/unlock capability which can be helpful if someone finds or steals your keys. You can even get systems these days that notify you on your phone if someone is tryi ...
Hello readers, hope you all are doing great. In this tutorial, we will discuss another ESP32 protocol that is Web Socket and we will also explain how to create a web server using web socket protocol with ESP32. So, we will have a look at What is a web socket server, How web socket protocol is different from HTTP protocol, What is handshaking in networking, Three-way handshaking, Web socket application, Creating web socket server using ESP32 module etc. Let's get started: What is a web socket protocol? Fig 1 Web-socket server A Web Socket is a full-duplex (both the server and the client can send and receive data at the same time) computer communication protocol. Web socket protocol, like HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol), also works in server and client communication format. A web socket u ...
Hello readers, hope you all are doing great. This is our 3rd tutorial in the ESP32 programming series. In our previous tutorial, we discussed the ESP32 Web server , where we created the ESP32 web server in STA mode. ESP32 can be operated as an access point (AP) or a Wi-Fi station (STA mode). So, in this tutorial, we will create an ESP32 web server in access point (AP) mode. Here's the video demonstration of ESP32 WebServer in Access Point Mode: As I mentioned above, in our 2nd tutorial, we already discussed the basics of the ESP32 web server. So, in this tutorial, we will only discuss how to create the ESP32 in access point mode. For detailed information about the basics of the ESP32 web server and how client-server communication takes place, follow our previous tutorial (i.e., Create a We ...
