Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I am going to elaborate you, how to make Arduino Projects for beginners. Before gong into the detail of this tutorial first of all I would like to explain you a bit about Arduino. Arduino is an open source micro controller. A lot of help is available online so its user friendly hardware. Most of the students prefer to do work on this device. Arduino is a low cost high performance device. Due to its cost effectiveness and open source feature it is commonly available in the market these days. An amazing thing about Arduino is that students can take help online with a lot of examples regarding any of the task. There are thousands of Arduino projects are available online from beginner level to the major real life pro ...
Hello everyone! I hope you all will be fine and having fun. Today, I am going to give you a detailed Introduction to MAX232. It is an Integrated Circuit(IC) embedded in a single chip and acts as a voltage-level converter. MAX 232 is capable of converting 5V TTL Logic level to TIA/EIA-232-F level and can take up to +-30V input. It is normally used for the communication between microcontroller and Laptop/PC. We can use MAX-232 to convert Transistor Transistor Logic (TTL) voltage level to RS232 and vice versa. RS232 is the method of transferring data using serial communication. MAX 232 is a dual receiver or driver having a capacitive voltage generator to supply RS232 voltage levels from a single supply of 5V. Each receiver converts RS232 inputs to 5V either Transistor Transistor Logic (TTL) o ...
Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I am going to share my knowledge about Introduction to 1N4007. It is a PN junction diode. Diodes can be made by combining two different types of semiconductor e.g. P and N. PN junction is a junction formed between P and N types of semiconductors. You guys should also have a look at Introduction to 1N4148 . 1N 4007 belongs to the series of 1NXXXX devices. Its an American standard numbering system standard used for semiconductor devices. This standard has been adopted globally now. In 1N 4007 the first part 1N indicates single junction semiconductor. 1N indicates 1 junction whereas N indicates the semiconductor diode. 4007 is the specific number to indicate the particular diode. From the electrical point of view, 1 ...
Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I am going to elaborate about the Introduction to LM324. It is an Operational Amplifier (Op-amp) consists of four channels. Its a low cost device having true differential inputs.For single supply applications LM 324 are superior to the other operational amplifiers. LM-324 is capable of operating at the minimum voltage up to 3V and at the high voltage levels up to 32V. One of the major advantage of LM-324 is that common mode input range includes negative supply which eliminates the need of external biasing. Negative power supply voltage is also included in output voltage range. This device is lead (Pb) free, halogen free and RoHS compliant. It consists of four amplifiers per package. LM 324 real life applications ...
Hello friends I hope you all are doing great. Today, I am going to give you a detailed Introduction to PIC18F4550 . Its one of the most renowned PIC Microcontroller and is used in almost every field. You should also have a look at my previous tutorial Introduction to PIC16F877a , as it will also be helpful. PIC18F4550 also has 40 Pins and is quite similar to PIC16F877a with some additional features. In today's post we will get the general overview of this microcontroller, which is very essential if you wanna start working on it. If you have any problem in any part of it then ask your questions in comments and I will try my best to resolve them out. So, now let's get started with Introduction to PIC18F4550: Introduction to PIC18F4550 PIC18F4550 is a 8-bit and 40-Pin PIC Microcontroller whic ...
Hello friends, I hope you all are doing great and having fun with your lives. Today, I am going to give you guys a detailed Introduction to PIC16F877a . It's the most commonly used PIC Microcontroller because of its operational flexibility, availability and low cost. You can buy this PIC Microcontroller from almost every online electronic shop for just $2 - $3. If you are new to PIC Microcontroller then read this complete post carefully and ask your queries in the comments. You should also have a look at this video in which I have given an Introduction to PIC16F877a: Note : You can download PIC16F877a Datasheet by Clicking below button: Download PIC16F877a Datasheet Introduction to PIC16F877a PIC16F877a is a 40-pin PIC Microcontroller, designed using RISC architecture, manufactured by Micr ...
Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I am going to give you a detailed Introduction to BC547 . It is an NPN bipolar junction transistor (BJT), mainly used for switching and current amplification. Its maximum current gain is around 800. So, let's have a detailed overview of BC 547. Introduction to BC547 BC547 is a 3-Terminal NPN Bipolar Junction Transistor(BJT), mostly used for switching purposes and current amplification. BC547 Pins(Terminals) from left to right are called: Collector. Base. Emitter. Depending on the voltage applied at Base Terminal, BC547 can operate in two states, named: Forward Biased. Reverse Biased. BC547 as Reverse Biased If Base Terminal is connected to the Ground(0V) , Collector and Emitter will act as an open switch and the ...
Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I am going to give you an Introduction to LM741. It belongs to the series of general purpose amplifiers. It supports larger range of input voltages. LM741 provides high gain and short circuit protection as well. Its pins configuration is very similar to UA709 and there is no need of frequency compression in LM 741. LM741 can be used as a comparator in order to determine the levels of applied input voltages i.e. either smaller or larger input voltages are applied at its input terminal. LM741 is an op-amp IC having 8 different pins, which will be explained later in this tutorial. LM-741 has a very wide range of applications e.g. function generator, comparator, DC amplifiers, integrator, differentiator, active filte ...
Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I am going to share my knowledge with all of guys about Introduction to IRF540. It is basically an N-Channel power Metal Oxide Silicon Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) and operates in enhancement mode. MOSFET is a lot sensitive in comparison to an FET (Field Effect Transistor) due to its very high input impdence. IRF540 can perform very fast switching as compared to the normal transistor. It is based on HEXFET technology and operates on the temperature ranging from -55 degrees celsius to 175 degree celsius. If we need some switching application between different signals or to perform any of amplification process, MOSFET IRF540 will be the best option in this case because it can perform very fast switching as comp ...
Hello everyone! I hope you all will be absolutely fine and having fun. Today, I am going to explore my knowledge about Introduction to LM317. It is basically a positive voltage regulator having three terminals. It can a supply a current more than 1.5A and voltage in a range of 1.25V to around 37V. You should also have a look at this LM 317 Calculator . For the adjustment of output voltage only two external resistors are required. It has improved standards of line regulation as well as load regulation. Full overload protection e.g. current limiting, area protection can be achieved using LM317. If its adjusting terminal is disconnected, even then all of the protection circuits will work properly. We can also use LM317 as precision current regulator by inserting a constant resistor between it ...
