Hello friends, I hope you all are doing great. In today's tutorial, we will discuss what is Selective Laser Sintering, why is it used for.
Selective Laser Sintering is a popular 3D printing technology used to create durable prototypes and end-use parts from CAD files. Its one of the oldest and most popular forms of additive manufacturing techniques and thanks to further technological advances, its use is becoming widespread. In this guide, we will explore what SLS is and what it is used for.
How does Selective Laser Sintering work?
SLS uses a nylon or polyamide powder which is spread successively in thin layers with a high-powered laser that selectively sinters the powder according to data derived from digital models. This process is repeated la ...
Hello readers, I hope you all are doing great. Welcome to the 3rd Lecture of Section 2 in the ESP32 Programming Series. In this tutorial, we are going to discuss another important feature of ESP32 i.e. PWM(Pulse Width Modulation).
Pulse Width Modulation is a technique to reduce the voltage by pulsating it. In today's lecture, we will first understand the basic concept of PWM, and after that will design two projects to fully grasp it. In the first project, we will control the brightness of an LED, while in the second one, we will control the speed of a DC Motor.
Here's the video demonstration of PWM Control in ESP32:
Before going forward, let's first have a look at the PWM working:
What is Pulse Width Modulation?
PWM is used to control the power delivered to the load by pul ...
PWM stands for Pulse-Width Modulation. Once the switching frequency (fsw) has been chosen, the ratio between the switch-on time (TON) and the switch-off time (TOFF) is varied. This is commonly called duty-cycle (D). The duty cycle can be between 0 and 1 and is generally expressed as a percentage (%).
D = TON / (TON + TOFF) = TON x fsw
The variation of the pulse width, made at a high frequency (kHz), is perceived as continuous and can be translated into a variation of the rotation speed of a motor, dimming a LED, driving an encoder, driving power conversion, and etc. The use of PWM is also widely used in the automotive sector in electronic control units (ECU - Electronic Control Unit) to manage the energy to be supplied to some actuators, both fix ...
Hello readers, hope you all are doing great. In this tutorial, we are going to discuss a mechanism that allows users to update the ESP32 with a new program wirelessly or over the air (without using a USB cable to upload a new program).
Over-The-Air (OTA) programming
Fig. 1 ESP32 OTA
OTA programming is the mean by which a product manufacturer or product service provider can update the features or functionality of the device wirelessly or over the air, after the device has been deployed in the field where connecting a cable or uploading the code serially is difficult.
One key advantage of OTA is that a single central node can send an update to multiple ESPs on the same network.
The device must have a provisioning client capable of receivin ...
Hello everyone, welcome to today article which we are going to have a look at how technology has evolved the online casino industry. Some of you might be having knowhow on what casino industry is and some might be having partial or no knowledge at all. So, we are going to start with simple things as we advance our topic of discussion further. You should also have a look at the Technology behind Online Casinos.
Definition of the global casino industry
The global casino industry is an industry that is made of facilities that involves predictions of outcomes of the final result that will be obtained after an invent has passed. The predictions are made before the event has started. It is made up of the gambling activities such as the gaming machines ...
Hello friends, I hope you are doing very well! In today's tutorial, we will set up a simulation environment for Ladder Logic Programming. It's our second tutorial in Ladder Logic Programming Series. In our previous tutorial, we have seen a detailed Introduction to Ladder Logic Programming and we have seen that this programming language is used for PLC controllers.
As PLC is an Industrial Controller, it comes with built-in relays/transistors(with protection circuitry) and thus is quite expensive as compared to microcontrollers/microprocessors i.e. Arduino, Raspberry Pi etc. Moreover, if you are working on a real PLC, you need to do some wiring in order to operate it. So, in order to avoid these PLC issues at the beginning, instead of buying a PLC o ...
Hello friends! I hope you are all very well! I am so happy to meet you today to continue learning and practicing PLC ladder logic programming. In an earlier part, we already have gone through the very basic logic gates of “AND”. “OR”, and “NOT”. Today we are going to resume the simulation of logic gates. We have started and gone through simulating the basic logic gates which are “AND”, “OR”, and “NOT” as they are the most important basic logic gates by which we can form other logic gates. However, because the logic of large-scale projects is getting more and more complicating, a lot of time we have to use the other functions to do tasks faster. For example, we have shown in the logic gates article that, XOR can be used to compare two inputs and ch ...
Hello friends, I hope you all are in good health. Today we will discuss a detailed overview of flexible PCB, its definition, types, advantages and manufacturing. We will also discuss why we need flexible PCB? We will discuss its uses and the reason for its high price, as it's expensive than other PCB types. I will try to deliver you my best knowledge about flexible PCB so you will clear understanding of flexible PCB. So let’s try to absorb everything about flexible PCB.
Flexible PCB overview
For irregular-shaped locations, it was difficult to place hard substrate PCBs. So, as necessity is the mother of invention similarly difficult locations and irregular surfaces are the mother of flexible PCB invention.
Before the 1950s flexible PCBs are not in common use but now they are used ever ...
Hello! Readers, I hope you are pretty good. I am here with a new article to enhance your knowledge about advanced technologies. Today, we will have a detailed overview of the Manufacturing Process of Multilayer PCB. First, we will have a look at its basic definition, why there Is a need for this new type of PCB in presence of single layer and double layer PCBs. What are the merits and demerits of multilayer PCBs and pedagogy behind the construction process of these PCBs? Let’s start to take in all information about these PCBs. I try my best to deliver all of my research capacity for doing this job.
Introduction to Multi-layer PCBs
As to the name, it's clear that multi-layer PCBs are those which have several conductive layers over substantial material which is knowns as substrate. Unlike ...
In the highly competitive world of electronics, it has become obvious for leading companies to stick to the adhere standards of quality and consistency. Hence, many times companies and organizations prefer to adopt globally known standards to maintain singularity and high quality within the organization. Because IPC is considered the gold of all standards, many companies and organizations tend to follow it. For that very same reason, companies always prefer employees who demonstrate his/her ability to deliver as per IPC standards. It is vital to becoming an established professional in the field of electronics assembly and quality inspection to find a suitable job in the field of the electronics manufacturing industry. What could be the better way t ...
